The invention provides an upper-circle and lower-square structure slab joint dividing and lofting method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, an upper-circle and lower-square three-dimensional CAD model is established; 2, plate thickness is set in the model, and plate joints are divided; and 3, a production design slab joint is arranged in the model, and then three-dimensional CAD model data is input into modeling software to complete solid modeling and part lofting and unfolding. According to the upper-circle and lower-square structure slab joint division and lofting method, the slab joints are arranged in the triangular flat plate defined by the upper-circle and lower-square tangent point lines, the flat plate serves as an edge starting arc part when a curved surface is machined, the machining difficulty is lowered, and material loss is reduced. Meanwhile, by means of the plate seam arrangement mode, sharp corner parts can be avoided, and the situation that subsequent welding seams are overlapped is avoided; the overall shape is square, and the material utilization rate can be effectively increased; and on-site positioning installation is facilitated, and the installation difficulty is reduced.