The application discloses an electric read-write memory device based on 180-degree flip of anti-ferromagnetic Neel vector, a preparation method and a read-write method. The electric read-write memory device comprises a substrate layer, an anti-ferromagnetic layer and a spin source layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top and constitute a heterostructure. The material of the substrate layer is a
single crystal wafer capable of epitaxially growing the anti-ferromagnetic layer. The material of the anti-ferromagnetic layer is a collinear anti-ferromagnetic material with abnormal
Hall effect or a staggered
magnet with abnormal
Hall effect. The material of the spin source layer has a
spin current generation capability. The memory utilizes a
current pulse to drive 180-degree flip of the Neel vector. The Neel vector before and after the 180-degree flip has two abnormal Hall resistance states of high and low, and can be used for storing information "0" and "1". The application not only enriches the connotation of the interaction between the
spin current and the anti-ferromagnetic Neel vector, but also lays a foundation for constructing a high-density, high read-write speed and low-power nonvolatile magnetic random memory.