97 results about "Riparian zone" patented technology

The invention discloses an external water interception and purification type urban river multi-element ecological embankment physical structural system. The urban river multi-element ecological embankment physical structural system comprises a first-class platform ecological embankment physical structural system, a second-class platform ecological embankment physical structural system and a slope ecological embankment physical structural system which are organically combined on a river bank slope, wherein the first-class platform ecological embankment physical structural system is provided with an urban surface source sewage runoff collecting groove, a groove type ecological concrete building block, a vertical first-class retaining wall and the like; the second-class platform ecological embankment physical structural system is provided with a sedimentation and purification tank, a current restriction baffle and the like; and the slope ecological embankment physical structural system is provided with a bedding, iconological concrete, a plant growth pad and the like. The urban river multi-element ecological embankment physical structural system effectively integrates water treatment functions such as rainfall surface source collection and purification, discharge port sewage interception and purification, physical absorption and filtration and plant absorption and purification on the premise that the stability and safety of bank slopes are maintained, ecological environments and landscapes of urban riparian zones are improved, and the self cleaning capacity of rivers is well played.

The invention discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt wetland vegetation restoration proper species screening method. The method includes: investigating region vegetation, and preliminarily selecting species suitable for region vegetation restoration from the aspects of life form and growth form of species; adopting a soil seed bank germination experiment to screen to obtain omissive proper plants; inferring proper plants for vegetation restoration of a hydro-fluctuation belt according to vegetation investigation on the hydro-fluctuation belt and the soil seed bank germination experiment of the same; performing a waterlogging tolerance experiment on the proper plants, and screening proper species for region vegetation restoration; according to waterlogging tolerance and region hydrologic changing characteristics, arranging the proper species obtained by screening, and conducting practice demonstration of vegetation restoration. The method is conducive to preventing genetic drift caused by gene flow and maintaining a gene bank of local species stable, less prone to causing intrusion of foreign species and provides technical support and scientific guidance for large-area demonstration and popularization of vegetation restoration in regions like reservoir hydro-fluctuation belts, riparian zones and tidal flat wetland.

The invention provides a method for restoring a slash type degraded wetland. The degraded wetland is restored by adopting one or more of a hydrological connection method, a microrelief transformation method, a matrix recovery method, a vegetation recovery method and a riparian zone slope protection method. According to the specific circumstance of the degraded wetland, the method can comprehensively utilize the whole technical system, and also can separately utilize certain technology. The method improves the landform, a water system, a wetland matrix and the riparian zone environment of the degraded wetland through ecological engineering measures so as to reasonably arrange wetland vegetation from land to open water, construct an optimal wetland vegetation community structure, and effectively improve the stability and the self-maintenance of the degraded wetland.

The invention discloses a Binjiang touring type wetland revegetation mode structure. The Binjiang touring type wetland revegetation mode structure is characterized in that in a river bank, an aquatic plant purifying region is arranged below a high water level, a water edge soil fixation and erosion preventing region is arranged above the high water level, and an overwater forest recovery region is arranged on one far-water side outside the erosion preventing region. In the aquatic plant purifying region, aquatic floating-leaved plants are planted below a normal water level in a naturally scattered growth and close planting mode, and high-stalk emerged plants are planted above the normal water level and below the high water level in a naturally scattered growth and close planting mode. The water edge soil fixation and erosion preventing region is paved with slope protection bricks and the width of the water edge soil fixation and erosion preventing region ranges from 2m to 3m. The overwater forest recovery region is of an ecological simulation community structure formed by natural mixing of wetland trees and shrubs to achieve height matching, color combination, advantage and disadvantage complementation and calobiosis. Touring footpaths and seats for rest are naturally arranged in the river direction in communities. Through meticulous engineering design and scientific plant matching, the Binjiang touring type wetland revegetation mode structure achieves perfect combination of Binjiang hydraulic engineering and wetland revegetation, is important for river bank wetland soil fixation and erosion preventing and environment improvement, and has the advantages of being ecological, beautiful and multifunctional and increasing effect.

The invention discloses an amphibious floating island suitable for a riparian zone. The amphibious floating island comprises floating bed units and fixing devices, wherein the fixing devices are fixedly arranged along the embankment direction, a plurality of floating bed units are longitudinally and horizontally arranged along the bank, and adjacent floating bed units are in flexible connection with each other through a rope lock. The invention also discloses a construction method of a revetment applying the amphibious floating island. The construction method mainly comprises the steps of fixing the floating island at the highest water line in the riparian zone of a reservoir, and arranging emergent aquatic plants which accord with the regional characteristics of the Three Gorges reservoir region on the floating island. The floating island is simple in structure and flexible in application, and can produce a corresponding 'bending' phenomenon in the process of matching with the increase amount of water level. The emergent aquatic plants on the floating island can satisfy the requirement on improvement of the ecological environment of a water body, and afforest the bare riparian zone when the water level falls without secondary pollution, so that the amphibious floating island has an eco-friendly effect, and is especially suitable for littoral zones with great water level fluctuation.

The invention provides an ecological riparian zone combining river purification and slide slope greenbelt conservation. The ecological riparian zone comprises a riparian zone ecological bed, a water body adjusting trough, a non-sand-concrete wooden pole connecting plate, a portable submersible pump and a water conveyance pipeline. Slide slope greenbelt plants are irrigated by raising a river while a vegetation-microorganism-soil system in the riparian zone is utilized to intercept and purify pollutants in the rising river, and the purified water body reenters a riverway. The influent mode of the invention has strong suitability to the water quantity and the water quality and has stable and reliable water quantity purification effect, low engineering investment and operation cost, simple operation maintenance and management and obvious purification effect on the micropolluted riverway. The riverway water body not only is an irrigation water source for the slide slope greenbelt vegetation in the riparian zone to supply irrigation water for the greenbelt plants, but also saves water resources and the conservation cost of the greenbelt plants.

The invention discloses a vacuum sewage interception system which is suitable for erecting pipes coastwise. The vacuum sewage interception system comprises a control unit, a sewage collecting pipeline, a vacuum valve well, a vacuum pipeline and a vacuum pump station, wherein the sewage collecting pipeline is connected with the vacuum valve well; a water pumping pipe connected with the vacuum pipeline is arranged in the vacuum valve well; a vacuum interface valve is arranged between the water pumping pipe and the vacuum pipeline; the vacuum pump station comprises a vacuum tank, a vacuum pump and a sewage pump; the vacuum pipeline is connected with the vacuum tank; the vacuum tank is connected with the vacuum pump and the sewage pump by a pipeline respectively; and a control unit controls the turn-on and turn-off of the vacuum interface valve, controls the vacuum pump to keep air pressure in the vacuum tank within the set negative pressure range when at least the vacuum interface valve starts and controls the sewage pump to discharge sewage. The invention also discloses a vacuum sewage interception method for erecting the pipes coastwise. By the vacuum sewage interception system and the vacuum sewage interception method, the defect of gravity sewage interception in riparian zones of old towns is overcome, the investment of capital construction is saved, the running stability of the system is improved, and the system is convenient to maintain and manage daily.

The invention relates to a river enclosure pollution prevention and water diversion in-situ purification treatment method and system. The method comprises the following steps: rapidly and completely intercepting sewage at a drain outlet by utilizing a pollution prevention enclosure device, forming a pollution prevention and water diversion purification tank on a riparian zone, performing in-situ purification on the sewage in the pollution prevention and water diversion purification tank in the diversion process by utilizing a bottom micro-porous aeration device and floating plants, guiding the sewage into a centralized sewage purification area on the downstream, performing strengthened purification, and eliminating pollutants, so that complete pollution prevention and water quality improvement of a main river control section can be realized. According to the method and system disclosed by the invention, river water does not need to be pumped up during construction, and river black and odor causing substances and pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be rapidly and completely intercepted and treated in a centralized manner. The method and the system are applicable to black-odor river control projects for directly discharging domestic sewage on two banks along the river and agricultural wastewater in towns and villages.

The invention relates to stabilizing methods of the ecological agriculture, particularly to a soil, plant and biological stabilizing method of an agricultural watershed riparian zone side slope. The soil, plant and biological stabilizing method comprises starting from a position close to a river way to plant three rows of annual Salix integra and planting three rows of annual Amorpha fruticosa along the direction parallel to a river bank after artificial leveling and performing cross planting on the Salix integra and the Amorpha fruticosa according to the order in turn; performing artificial trimming on a side slope protection zone and setting the integral side slope protection section into a step-shaped structure in which three small side slopes are connected with two small platforms; protecting the small side slopes of the side slope protection section through polypropylene non-woven fabrics, laying the non-woven fabrics on the small side slopes, fixing the top end and the bottom of every small side slope through rivets respectively and performing vegetation cutting in the middle of every small side slope; performing Salix integra cutting on every small side slope of the side slope protection section and performing cutting in the middle of each small platform of the side slope protection section through a row of Amorpha fruticosa. According to the soil, plant and biological stabilizing method of the agricultural watershed riparian zone side slope, the artificial disturbance is less, the cost is low, the recovery is rapid, the effect is good, the soil, the close-to-natural-landscape effect is achieved, and the artificial maintenance is not required by the later period of ecological slope protection and pollution control.

The invention relates to an experimental tank system of a riparian zone, belonging to the field of physical model experiments in hydraulic engineering. The experimental tank system comprises a tank control platform, an experimental composite-type tank, dual-cycle water supply systems, a dual-level flow control system and a switching system. According to the invention, a cyclic surface water supply system and a cyclic underground water supply system which are independent can be used for effectively controlling surface water of rivers to circulate at a higher speed and underground water to circulate at a low speed, and thus river and river bank water flow environments which further accord with natural conditions are provided for a riparian zone experiment; the dual-level flow control system can be used for adjusting and controlling level and flow boundary conditions of the surface water of the rivers and the underground water of the river bank simultaneously, so that the problems that level and flow conditions of the rivers can be independently adjusted only in the traditional river dynamics experiment and level and flow conditions of the underground water can be independently adjusted only in the traditional underground water experiment; and the electronic intelligent switching system can be used for intelligently adjusting and controlling switch-on and switch-off as well as openness of relative power supply switches, valves, tail gates and the like of the experimental tank system. The experimental tank system disclosed by the invention has high automation degree and is provided with an experiment control platform which is simple and easy to operate, so that a user can finish related operations of the experimental tank system of the riparian zone in the same control interface; and the experimental tank system has a fault prompt function and is convenient for emergent measure taking and equipment overhauling.

The invention discloses a method for restoring a degraded riparian zone through imitated vegetation. The method comprises the steps that biological materials are used for imitating roots, stems and leaves of vegetation, and the imitated vegetation is obtained and prepared from polyolefin materials; the stems are partially and vertically inserted into soil, the imitated leaves are fixed to the tops of the stems, the imitated vegetation is formed, the stems are hollow, the surfaces of the stems are provided with a large number of small breathable holes, the oxygen content of soil is increased, an aerobic environment is provided for microorganisms, pollutants are purified, a small cover is arranged above the small breathable holes to prevent rainwater and soil from entering the small breathable holes, and blockage is avoided. The method has the advantages that pollutants diffused to rivers are reduced, and the ecological environment of the riparian zone is restored; water and soil are preserved, bank fixation and slope protection are achieved, and water and soil loss is prevented; the method is not affected by seasons, time and plant production periods and wide in application range; the soil of the riparian zone which is unsuitable for vegetation growth and seriously polluted is restored, and therefore ecological restoration can be conveniently carried out on follow-up planted vegetation. The imitated vegetation is low in cost, easy to manufacture and convenient to install and has an aesthetic value.

The invention relates to a method of constructing an ecological revetment for intensively intercepting and clearing non-point pollution based on organisms, which comprises the steps of investigating hydrologic conditions of a river, determining non-point pollution load and hydraulic retention time of a riparian zone in a unit length, analyzing characteristics of the non-point pollution along the river, screening a high-efficiency bacterium which can efficiently remove the non-point pollution or constructing gene engineering bacteria capable of removing nondegradable organic pollutants, constructing hollow hexahedral ecological revetment members, and growing plants in the members, thereby constructing the ecological revetment. Compared with the prior art, with the adoption of the method, the non-point pollution, particularly the nondegradable organic pollutants, can be removed effectively, the river pollution load can be decreased, potential ecological risks of the non-point pollution to a river ecosystem are reduced, and local raw materials are utilized to improve the environmental compatibility of the members, so that good habitat conditions are provided for the growth of microbial communities and vegetations at the riparian zone, and the mechanical stability of the riparian zone is improved.

The invention provides a heat flux coupling simulation building method for a dam downstream riparian zone based on Lu model. The method includes the steps that 1, a riparian saturated-unsaturated seepage field-temperature field full coupling model is built, the model building includes the establishment of a seepage field, the building of a saturated-unsaturated heat migration model, and the description of the relationship between a temperature field and a seepage field; 2, boundary conditions are set for the riparian saturated-unsaturated seepage field-temperature field full coupling model, the setting of the boundary conditions include the setting of boundary conditions for the seepage field and the setting of boundary conditions for the temperature field; 3, the riparian saturated-unsaturated seepage field-temperature field full coupling model is solved, the Lu model is used to describe the relationship between equivalent heat conduction coefficient and water content of soil body inthe solving process, and the variation rule of temperature with time is obtained in the seepage process. The problem that an influence mechanism of dam discharge low temperature water to the saturated-unsaturated heat flux coupling in the dam downstream riparian zone cannot be simulated accurately in the prior art is solved.

The invention provides a method for controlling the growth of alligator alternanthera, which is characterized by comprising the steps of: removing alligator alternanthera at the riverway shoreside with a physical method, then constructing a riverway riparian zone reed group, and sequentially constructing an aquatic plant group from two sides of the riverway shoreside to the riverway center direction. The method for controlling the growth of the alligator alternanthera, replaced with three-dimensional plants, has the advantages of low investment, environment friendless, higher practical value and wide application prospect.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, and in particular relates to a construction method suitable for ecologically restoring vegetation of a riparian zone of a sand excavation riverway in north. According to investigation of water and soil background value of the riparian zone of the sand excavation riverway in the north, aquatic (humidogene) and woody plants suitable for local environment and growth are screened out, the aquatic plants are planted in a diving zone close to riparian and sloping bank, humidogene and woody plants are planted in flood land formed by sand extraction, and then the purpose of restoring destroyed vegetation of the riparian zone is achieved. By adopting the method, the problem that the vegetation is destroyed seriously because the water quality is reduced and the self cleaning capacity is weak after river sand extraction is effectively solved, and an effective measure is provided for restoring the vegetation of the riparian zone.

The invention relates to a composite ecological bank protecting structure and a construction method thereof. The composite ecological bank protecting structure comprises a low-water-level area bank protecting unit, a normal-water-level area bank protecting unit, a flood-stage area bank protecting unit and a landscape accessory structure arranged on the flood-stage area bank protecting unit in a section mode and used for viewing, the low-water-level area bank protecting unit comprises a rubble slope base and a hollow concrete block, and the normal-water-level area bank protecting unit comprisesa Reynolds protecting cushion layer, an ecological buffering tank, a clean water wetland and a water collecting dark canal; and the bottom of the water collecting dark canal communicates with the bottom of the ecological buffering tank through a communicating pipe, and the flood-stage area bank protecting unit comprises ecological grassland, a drainage ditch and a seepage dam. According to the different characteristics of a river bank in each area, the flood control, ecology and landscape function of the river bank are organically combined, the problems of poor ecological and landscape effectof a traditional bank are solved, and the ecosystem and bank protecting stability of a river bank belt are improved.

The invention relates to an ecological riparian zone construction method. According to the method, circular concrete tubes with permeable holes distributed on tube walls are adopted for shore protection, artificial wetland matrix beds are constructed in the circular tubes, and finally emergent aquatic plants and humidogene trees and shrubs are planted in the surfaces of the artificial wetland matrix beds, thus constructing wetland biological communities. A riparian zone constructed by virtue of the method has the functions of slowing down flowing speed of water at a littoral zone, stabilizing river banks, creating a growth environment for plants in a water area close to a river course and providing multi-pore habitats to benthic animals; and the plant communities can absorb river pollutants, thereby purifying river water quality. As being capable of reconstructing degraded riparian zone plant communities, the method provided by the invention lays a foundation for the construction of a healthy riparian zone ecosystem, and provides technologies to restore the degraded riparian ecosystem and reconstruct and restore vigorous riparian zones and river ecosystems.

The invention provides an ecological bank protection for treating black and odorous water body by strengthening microorganisms, and belongs to the technical field of ecological bank protection. The ecological bank protection comprises a low water level area bank protection unit, a normal water level area bank protection unit and a flood water area bank protection unit, wherein the low water levelarea bank protection unit comprises riprap toe protections, microbial flexible ecological bags and pine pile supports, the riprap toe protections are located on the water adjacent side, the pine pilesupports are arranged in a dense row and are located on the inner sides of the riprap toe protections, and the microbial flexible ecological bags are arranged in a stacked mode along an original riverbank and are located on the earth sides of the pine pile supports and the riprap toe protections. The ecological bank protection is mainly used in the field of ecological management. According to theecological bank protection, waste recycling of river sediment can be achieved, and meanwhile, the black and odorous water body can be efficiently treated, treatment engineering of the river sedimentis omitted, a certain environment-friendly value is achieved, and the ecological bank protection has the characteristics of being low in cost, convenient to replace and convenient to construct.

The invention provides an ecological restoration method for microtopography of a riverbank zone abandoned sand mining field in a high altitude area. The ecological restoration method comprises the following steps that S1, revetments are built along a riverway, specifically, the revetments with gradients are built on the two sides of the riverway correspondingly, and gabion protection feet are arranged at the slope toe of each revetment; S2, an ecological wetland is newly built, specifically, a plurality of islands are piled up on a sand field riverbed between the revetments and a riverbank soil foundation through sand gravels, and integrally earthed, green plants are planted on the islands, and emergent aquatic plants are planted at low-lying positions; S3, the wetland is subjected to ecological water supplementation, specifically, effluent water of a sewage station is used as ecological supplemented water of the wetland; and S4, a water ecosystem is maintained, specifically, in the wetland maintenance period, damaged nursery-grown plants are timely updated and rejuvenated, and the plants planted in the wetland are maintained according to ecological characteristics of the plants. According to the restoration method, the ecological microtopography is constructed for the abandoned sand field in an alpine area, so that the effects of purifying water, preventing water and soil lossand beautifying the riverbank landscape are achieved, pertinence is high, stability is good, landscape performance is high, and subsequent maintenance difficulty is low.

The invention discloses an ecological method for repairing the concrete grating revetment of a river level fluctuation zone by using plants, which is characterized in that Salix matsudana Koidz which can resist flooding and acid as well as alkali is selected, the provenance (namely sprout branches) is selected in the local area or similar ecological habitat, and after indoor seedling raising by cutting, seedling transplantation and outdoor seedling acclimatization, the branches are planted in the concrete grating in the river level fluctuation zone in a bag cultivation way for adaptive growth. The ecological method ensures the survival rate of planted seedlings and the nutrition requirement for growth of the seedlings in the early stage, and plays an important role in improving the ecological quality of artificial hard revetments and landscapes at the river bank zone, thus having a good application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetative propagation of plants, and particularly relates to a cornus quinquenervis cutting method which comprises the following steps; step a, seedbed cutting preparation including cutting location choice, seedbed cutting preparation, cutting media proportioning, filling and sterilizing; step b, the seedbed cutting time being 4-10 months; step c, cutting preparation including cutting bar acquisition, treatment and cutting; step d, management after cutting, including moisture management, illumination management and fertilizer nutriment management. The method has the benefits that through the adoption of the cultivation method, cornus quinquenervis can be cut in quantity, the success rate reaches 99%, and through the method, the problem that conventional wild cornus quinquenervis plants are scarce, so that the planting requirement of riparian zones of the three gorges cannot met is solved, and the problem of water and soil erosion of both sides of the three gorges can be solved well.

The invention discloses a method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of a water body by transforming marsh lands in riparian zones and reservoir bank zones. The method comprises the following steps: S1, transforming landform of marsh lands, namely selecting multiple marsh lands, excavating or landfilling to enable the average depth of the marsh lands to be 0.8-1.0m; S2, communicating water systems of the marsh lands, namely communicating adjacent marsh lands, and communicating the marsh lands with the upstream of a river channel; leading river water to freely flow into the marsh lands, and draining the marsh land purified river water into the downstream of the river channel; S3, repairing the substrates of the marsh lands, namely laying gravel layers and fine sand layers sequentially from bottom to top in the marsh lands, and uniformly adding denitrified long-acting carbon source and phosphorous adsorbent in the fine sand layers; S4, restoring the aquatic plant community; and S5, dosing benthonic animals. The method is simple and feasible, has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost and the like, and can be widely applied to the technical field of river ecology restoration.

The invention discloses a circulating water flow device for simulating different riparian zone riverways. The circulating water flow device comprises a support (1), a circulating water tank (2), a longitudinal slope adjusting mechanism and a circulating water device; the circulating water tank (2) is mounted on the support (1), and one end is hinged to the support (1); the longitudinal slope adjusting mechanism is mounted on the support (1) below the middle of the circulating water tank (2) and is used for supporting and adjusting the horizontal included angle formed by the circulating water tank (2) and the support (1); the circulating water tank (2) comprises a bottom plate (21), a front end plate (22), a back end plate (23) and two side plates (24); the two side plates (24) are hinged to two sides of the bottom plate (21) to form a V-shaped tank body having the variable opening angle and the V-shaped cross section; the front end plate (22) and the back end plate (23) are arranged attwo ends of the V-shaped tank body; the front end plate (22), the back end plate (23) and the V-shaped tank body are clamped and sealed by the aid of clamping mechanisms; heat insulation cotton (3) is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped tank body; a simulation assisting device is placed on the heat insulation cotton (3); a water outlet (25) is formed below the front end plate (22); a water inlet (26) is formed above the back end plate (23); and the circulating water device is connected with the water inlet (26) and the water outlet (25) to realize circulating water supply to the V-shaped tank body. Continuous stepless adjustment of angles of transverse and longitudinal slopes can be realized simultaneously.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a riparian zone soil organic carbon source from agricultural and forestry wastes. The method includes steps: 1) prospecting natural geographical conditions of a riparian zone to obtain water level annular cycle changes; 2) seedbed preparation, to be more specific, grinding the agricultural and forestry wastes, subjecting to composting along with animal manure proportionally, fermenting, and proportionally well mixing with soil; 3) plant propagation, to be more specific, selecting paspalum notatum and cynodon dactylon for mixed sowing, performing cuttage of hemarthria compressa and transplanting of cyperus rotundus; 4), daily maintenance including moisture, nutrient and pest and disease management in a plant seedling stage; 5) plant transplanting; 6) mowing before water flooding, to be more specific, trimming before water flooding to keep the plant height; 7) performing management and protection in the next year, and performing complementary planting in areas with dead trees and trees in poor growth vigor; 8) extensive management, to be more specific, spraying bactericidal agents and fertilizing. The method is feasible and convenient and simple in operation, the denitrification capacity of a riparian zone ecological system is improved while ecological slope protecting construction of the riparian zone is realized, and ecological functions and ornamental characteristics of the riparian zone are realized.

The invention relates to a river and lake ecological restoration system. The system structurally comprises an ecological river channel, a functional wetland buffer area and a near-natural wetland area and is connected with a water outflow end of a river channel entering a lake or reservoir; the ecological river channel comprises a riverbed, an ecological floating island arranged on the riverbed, ecological patches continuously or discontinuously arranged in a water area close to the bank beside the riverbed, and a riparian zone plant bed continuously or discontinuously arranged on the bank of the riverbed. The functional wetland buffer area is sequentially set to be an ecological precipitation pond, a subsurface flow constructed wetland, an aquatic plant pond and an overflow weir from front to back in the water flow direction; and the near-natural wetland area is arranged in the front area of the lake or reservoir and is connected with the overflow weir of the functional wetland buffer area, and the liquid level of the near-natural wetland area is lower than the overflow height of the overflow weir. According to the river and lake ecological restoration system, ecological systems of rivers, lakes and reservoirs can be effectively repaired and improved, micro-polluted river water is obviously purified and improved, and the effluent quality can reach the IV type or above of the national surface water quality standard (lake and reservoir standard).