The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for measuring dynamic light scattering nano-particles based on bandpass filtering. According to the invention, lasers are radiated on nano-particles performing Brownian motions in a solution. The scattered lights of the particles are directly detected; or the scattered lights of the particles are interfered with part of the original lights, and are detected; or the scattered lights are fed-back into a laser-tube cavity, self mixing is occurred, and self mixing signals are detected. Signals output by a photoelectric detector are pre-amplified, and are simultaneously delivered into a circuit formed by components of an M route buffer, bandpass filters with different central frequencies, and an RMS root-mean-square processor, which are connected in series, such that signal root-mean-square values at different frequencies with a number of M are obtained. The values are sampled by an A/D collecting card, such that power spectrum density functions at different frequencies with a number of M are obtained. With the method and the apparatus provided by the invention, a problem in prior arts of poor robustness of inverse calculations caused by seriously ill-conditioned coefficient matrix is solved. With the method and the apparatus provided by the invention, requirements on data collecting speed, data collecting amount, storage amount andprocessing amount are reduced; data processing time is reduced; and rapid measuring of nano-particle sizes can be realized.