12 results about "Starch synthesis" patented technology

The invention discloses a grain specific promoter in the early stage of rice filling and application thereof, the promoter is named as proASP1, and the nucleotide sequence of the promoter is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1. The promoter has highly strict spatio-temporal expression specificity, the activation expression of the promoter is only limited in grains in the early stage of rice filling (4-12 days after flowering), especially the expression of genes is efficiently driven in endosperm and aleurone layers, and the expression is not leaked in other tissues such as roots, stems, leaves, leaf sheaths and glumes and grains in the middle and later stages of filling. The invention provides a basic and precious molecular tool for gene function research, quality improvement (such as protein and starch synthesis regulation) and bioreactor development in a key window period of rice grain development, and has important scientific research and application values.

The invention belongs to the field of plant engineering technology and crop germplasm resource innovation, and particularly relates to a rice BEIIb gene mutant, application of the rice BEIIb gene mutant in improving rice resistant starch and an improving method. A mutant material with high resistant starch content is created by knocking out the rice BEIIb gene, and compared with a wild type, mutant seeds show an obvious chalky phenotype, composite starch particles are abnormal in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, the amylose content is remarkably increased, the protein content is remarkably reduced, the resistant starch content is remarkably increased, and the resistant starch content is remarkably reduced. The hardness of cooked rice is remarkably increased, and the elasticity is remarkably reduced. Through transcriptomics analysis, the protein mainly participates in biological pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, chloroplast photosynthesis, calmodulin combination and secondary metabolite synthesis, and the expression level of endosperm starch synthesis related genes is obviously changed. The method can provide theoretical basis and method reference for breeding of high-quality rice varieties with high resistant starch.

This invention discloses a tobacco-derived α-glucan phosphorylase, its mutants, and their applications. Addressing the problems of low catalytic efficiency, poor stability and adaptability, and difficulty in heterologous expression of key enzyme elements in cellulose-to-starch synthesis, this invention utilizes metagenomics and big data analysis of public databases, along with bioinformatics methods, to precisely identify novel key enzyme elements for cellulose degradation and starch synthesis. An α-glucan phosphorylase from tobacco was identified and found to have better enzyme activity and starch synthesis function than the potato-derived PGP. Furthermore, this invention involves a single point mutation of the Cap domain of the α-glucan phosphorylase. The results show that the single point mutant obtained by mutating the tobacco-derived α-glucan phosphorylase with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1 by the S524H single point mutation has significantly higher enzyme activity and expression level than the wild-type α-glucan phosphorylase.

The present application relates to a kind of starch synthesis regulatory gene OsMFP1 and its encoding protein and application, belong to plant genetic engineering technical field, the gene has the nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, its encoding protein has the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.2, the function loss of gene OsMFP1 leads to the total starch content in rice grain, amylose content and amylopectin content reduction, and lead to the yield reduction of rice.The function of OsMFP1 gene in the process of starch synthesis and its mechanism of action are studied in the present application, and it is found that the function loss of OsMFP1 gene can lead to the decrease of total starch, amylose and amylopectin content in grain, which provides important theoretical value for the improvement of rice quality.

The invention discloses a method for predicting a transcription factor with a regulation effect in corn endosperm development, which comprises the following steps of: screening out an endosperm development key transcription factor by carrying out conjoint analysis of a transcriptome and chromatin open region sequencing technology on a plurality of early development stages of grains. The method provided by the invention can efficiently and accurately identify the corn endosperm development key transcription factor and a new transcription factor capable of regulating starch synthesis and Zein genes.

The invention discloses a tagatose-6-phosphate phosphatase mutant and application of the tagatose-6-phosphate phosphatase mutant in production of D-tagatose, and belongs to the technical field of enzyme engineering. The tagatose-6-phosphate phosphatase mutant disclosed by the invention is obtained by mutating wild type tagatose-6-phosphate phosphatase of which the amino acid sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO.5, and the mutation site is selected from at least one of the 45th site, the 108th site, the 168th site and the 186th site. After the mutant is coupled with isoamylase, dextran phosphorylase, glucose phosphate mutase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, 4-alpha-glucosyltransferase and tagatose-6-phosphate isomerase, the yield of D-tagatose synthesized by substrate starch is increased, the accumulation amount of by-products glucose and fructose is low, and the yield of D-tagatose synthesized by substrate starch is increased. Therefore, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the separation and purification cost is reduced. Therefore, the mutant disclosed by the invention is suitable for industrial production and has a good application prospect.

A TaIIP1 gene for regulating wheat grain starch synthesis and use thereof. The present invention belongs to the technical field of gene function regulation. Firstly, the important effect of the wheat isoamylase TaISA1 gene on the quality of grain starch synthesis is clarified. Moreover, the wheat sucrose non-fermentation-related protein kinase TaIIP1 gene, which has a positive regulatory effect on the grain starch synthesis and the phenotype of grains, is found by means of the yeast two-hybrid method and other methods, the function thereof is verified by means of overexpression, and excellent variants thereof are found by means of haplotype analysis. The present invention provides a theoretical basis and excellent gene resources for the use of the TaIIP1 gene to create or improve high-quality wheat materials.

The invention discloses an early sowing cultivation method for improving sorghum quality and meeting the brewing requirement of Maotai-flavor liquor in the southwest region, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation and brewing raw material quality improvement. According to the application, the sowing time of the sorghum is 15-30 days earlier than the local conventional sowing time (March 20th-April 10th), so that the whole growth period of the sorghum is in a composite environment of lower average temperature and longer illumination, and seedling-stage cold-resistant and drought-resistant cultivation measures are implemented in a matched manner. The method is simple and easy to implement, grain quality is directionally optimized from the angle of growth environment regulation and control, sudden rise of spring temperature is avoided in the filling period, amylose synthase is inhibited, and amylopectin accumulation is promoted; starch polymerization is slowed down at low temperature, and photosynthetic product accumulation is assisted by long-time illumination, so that starch particles are loosened, gelatinization viscosity is reduced, and multiple rounds of fermentation are adapted. Meanwhile, metabolism of phenylpropane is activated through long-time illumination, synthesis of polyphenol such as tannin is promoted, the brewing quality is improved, and application prospects are achieved.

The invention provides a glucan phosphorylase mutant with improved thermal stability and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of enzyme engineering. Amino acids at the 40th site, the 271th site and the 707th site of wild-type glucan phosphorylase with an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.1 from Solanum tuberosum are mutated to obtain the glucan phosphorylase mutant with improved thermal stability, the enzyme activity is improved by 39% at 37 DEG C, and the enzyme activity can still be kept about 60% after heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour at 60 DEG C; the amylose can be produced through conversion by taking glucose 1-phosphate as a substrate, and the conversion rate can be up to 98%. When the glucan phosphorylase mutant is applied to production of amylose, the reaction efficiency can be improved, the production period can be shortened, the production cost is further reduced, and the glucan phosphorylase mutant has a good application prospect in the field of starch synthesis of an industrial large system.

The application provides a domestication gene THERMO TOLERANCE 5 (TT5) for regulating heat tolerance of plants and application thereof. In the application, a temperature-dependent Oryza minuta chromosome substitution line material for regulating rice quality and seed setting is identified, a QTL capable of polyfunctionally protecting yield and quality under high temperature is located and cloned by a method of map-based cloning, and the QTL is TT5. TT5 is a positive regulation transcription factor for heat tolerance, polyfunctionally regulates starch synthesis and storage protein accumulation, and endows high temperature tolerance. Cloning of TT5 has important significance for guiding de novo domestication of wild rice, and rapid domestication of wild rice can be realized by adding or erasing methylation of a genome.

This invention discloses the application of the tobacco NtGBSS2 gene in regulating starch synthesis and / or drought resistance, and in improving tobacco germplasm resources. It belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering technology. The nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the tobacco NtGBSS2 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. This invention overexpressed the NtGBSS2 gene in tobacco. Detection revealed that, compared to normal control tobacco plants, the content of resistant starch and amylose in the transgenic positive T1 generation was significantly increased. Furthermore, observation showed that wild-type control tobacco plants grew slowly and had yellowing leaves under drought stress, while the growth status of transgenic positive T2 generation tobacco plants was significantly improved compared to wild-type control tobacco plants, indicating that overexpression of the NtGBSS2 gene in tobacco enhances the tobacco's tolerance to drought stress.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and discloses construction and application of an artificially synthesized starch recombinant strain. According to the invention, starch synthase is over-expressed in the bacterial cellulose high-yield strain, a competitive pathway of starch synthesis is blocked, and the bacterial cellulose high-yield strain is transformed into an artificial starch synthesis strain. Compared with an artificial starch synthesis path in the prior art, the method has the advantages of low cost, high starch yield, high chassis cell growth rate, sufficient starch synthesis precursor substances and the like.