The invention provides a method for construction of a discrimination model for discriminating daqu quality, the method comprises the following steps: 1, information extraction; 2, variable screening and optimization; 3, construction of the discrimination model; 4, verification of the model; and 5, discriminating; and the method is applied to discriminating of daqu quality in distiller's yeast. The method uses 454 high throughput sequencing technology, and solves the problem that the first generation sequencing technology cannot comprehensively and accurately reflect the composition information of daqu microbes; by use of partial least squares method for variable screening and optimization of the microbes and meanwhile combination with quadratic discriminatory analysis, the daqu quality discriminating evaluation is constructed, and is applied to discriminating of daqu quality grade, the method for discriminating finished product qu and out-taken yellow qu and white qu grade is constructed, and the method has the advantages of simple operation and use, higher discriminating accuracy rate, and the like.