328results about "Substrate with hologram" patented technology

A first HOE and a second HOE are respectively arranged on two opposite faces of an optical waveguide member. The first HOE diffracts light incident from the outside on the optical waveguide member such that the light is then totally reflected inside the optical waveguide member and is thereby directed to the second HOE. The second HOE diffracts, according to the diffraction efficiency thereof, part of the light incident thereon after being guided inside the optical waveguide member such that this part of the light is then emitted to the outside substantially parallel to the light incident on the optical waveguide member, and the second HOE simultaneously totally reflects the rest of the light incident thereon. The second HOE repeats such emission and total reflection. The first and second HOEs each have interference fringes with n different pitches (where n is a natural number equal to or greater than two) to diffract light of n different wavelengths at substantially equal angles. Thus, even when light of n different wavelengths is incident on the optical waveguide member, the second holographic diffractive optical element emits it to the outside with substantially equal pitches for the light of the n different wavelengths.

Diffractive pigment flakes are selectively aligned to form an image. In one embodiment, flakes having a magnetic layer are shaped to facilitate alignment in a magnetic field. In another embodiment, the flakes include a magnetically discontinuous layer. In a particular embodiment, deposition of nickel on a diffraction grating pattern produces magnetic needles along the grating pattern that allow magnetic alignment of the resulting diffractive pigment flakes. Color scans of test samples of magnetically aligned flakes show high differentiation between illumination parallel and perpendicular to the direction of alignment of the magnetic diffractive pigment flakes.

The invention relates to holographic head-up displays, to holographic optical sights, and also to 3D holographic image displays. We describe a holographic head-up display and a holographic optical sight, for displaying, in an eye box of the display/sight, a virtual image comprising one or more substantially two-dimensional images, the head-up display comprising: a laser light source; a spatial light modulator (SLM) to display a hologram of the two-dimensional images; illumination optics in an optical path between said laser light source and said SLM to illuminate said SLM; and imaging optics to image a plane of said SLM comprising said hologram into an SLM image plane in said eye box such that the lens of the eye of an observer of said head-up display performs a space-frequency transform of said hologram on said SLM to generate an image within said observer's eye corresponding to the two-dimensional images.

Multilayer chromatic diffractive pigment flakes and foils are provided having diffractive structures thereon. The diffractive pigment flakes can have a symmetrical stacked coating structure on opposing sides of a reflective core layer, an asymmetrical stacked coating structure on one side of a reflective layer, or can be formed with one or more encapsulating coatings around the reflective core layer. The diffractive pigment flakes can be interspersed into liquid media such as paints or inks to produce diffractive compositions for subsequent application to a variety of objects. The foils can be laminated to various objects or can be formed on a carrier substrate. The diffractive pigment flakes and foils can be formed with a variety of diffractive structures thereon to produce selected optical effects.

An edible product such as a unit dosage form of a pharmaceutically active substance includes a layer of a material that can receive and retain a high resolution microrelief that can convey information. The microrelief is themo-formable, preferably formed from an aqueous solution of HPMC and/or HPC plus a plasticizer and colorant. Other additives such as strengtheners, surfactants and adherents may be used depending on the application. The materials are selected and proportioned to control the fading or change in color of the visual image or effect produced by the relief to indicate exposure to an unacceptable degree of heat or humidity. The dosage form can be the relief-containing layer itself with the pharmaceutical carried therein. In a preferred form, the layer is an outer coating over a core containing the pharmaceutically active substance. Coated tablets are configured to resist twinning. To produce such dosage forms, the coated core is transported in unison with a flexible mold or transfer plate that can heat-replicate the microrelief on the outer layer of the dosage form, followed by a cooling and release of the transfer plate from the coating.

Holographic storage media including a substrate and a dye material capable of undergoing a photo-induced change are disclosed. Data may be written into the holographic storage media using light of one wavelength and read using light of a different wavelength.

A method and apparatus for labeling an item using diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 has one or more colocated pitches Λ which represent a unique identification digital code that is detected when illuminated by incident light 24. The incident light 24 may be directed transversely from the side of the substrate 10 (or from an end) with a narrow band (single wavelength) or multiple wavelength source, and the code is represented by a spatial distribution of light or a wavelength spectrum, respectively, or a combination thereof. The element 8 can provide a large number of unique codes, e.g., greater than 67 million codes, and can withstand harsh environments. The encoded element 8 may be used to label any desired item, such as large or small objects, products, solids, powders, liquids, gases, plants, minerals, cells and/or animals, or any combination of or portion of one or more thereof. The label may be used for many different purposes, such as for sorting, tracking, identification, verification, authentication, anti-theft/anti-counterfeit, security/anti-terrorism, or for other purposes. In a manufacturing environment, the elements 8 may be used to track inventory for production information or sales of goods/products.

A method of producing a hologram element is disclosed that is able to prevent spread of a polymerization reaction and light leakage during exposure with interference light, and improve productivity in mass production. The hologram element is for transmitting, reflecting, diffracting, or scattering incident light, and includes a pair of substrates, an isolation member between the substrates that forms an isolated region, and a photo-sensitive recording material sealed in the isolated region. The hologram element includes a periodic structure formed by exposing the recording material to interference light. The interference light is generated by two or more light beams, or by using a master hologram. The recording material is formed from a composite material including a polymerized polymer or a polymerized liquid crystal. The periodic structure is formed by exposing the recording material to the interference light to induce the polymerization reaction and phase separation in the composite material.

A multilayer thin film filter is disclosed an organic dielectric layer serving as a spacer layer in a Fabry-Perot structure. The dielectric has embossed regions of varying thicknesses wherein the thickness within a region is substantially uniform. Each different region of a different thickness produces a different color (shift). The size of one of the embossed adjacent regions is such that the color of said one region is uniform and cannot be seen by a human eye as different in color from the uniform color of an adjacent region thereto, and wherein the color within a region can be seen with magnification of at least 10:1. This serves as a covert color coding system useful as a security device.

Microparticles 8 includes an optical substrate 10 having at least one diffraction grating 12 disposed therein. The grating 12 having a plurality of colocated pitches Λ which represent a unique identification digital code that is detected when illuminated by incident light 24. The incident light 24 may be directed transversely from the side of the substrate 10 with a narrow band (single wavelength) or multiple wavelength source, in which case the code is represented by a spatial distribution of light or a wavelength spectrum, respectively. The code may be digital binary or may be other numerical bases. The micro-particles 8 can provide a large number of unique codes, e.g., greater than 67 million codes, and can withstand harsh environments. The micro-particles 8 are functionalized by coating them with a material/substance of interest, which are then used to perform multiplexed experiments involving chemical processes, e.g., DNA testing and combinatorial chemistry.

A method is disclosed that may include, in a creating phase: receiving an instruction to generate a virtual place-located anchor at a virtual location that is world-locked; receiving data items from a target data source; linking a subset of the data items to the virtual place-located anchor; and receiving a permission from a first user specifying a condition under which a second user may view one or more holograms of the subset of data items. In a viewing phase, first display data may be transmitted to cause a first display device to display the holograms to the first user at the virtual place-located anchor; and if the condition is satisfied, second display data may be transmitted to cause a second display device to display the holograms to the second user at the virtual place-located anchor.

An optical identification element having a synthesized chemical attached thereto includes an optical substrate having at least one diffraction grating disposed therein, the grating having a resultant refractive variation at a grating location, said grating being embedded within a substantially single material of said optical substrate; the grating providing an output optical signal indicative of a code when illuminated by an incident light signal propagating in free space, the code identifying at least one of the element and the chemical, the output signal not being a result of laser action with the grating when illuminated by said incident light signal; and the synthesized chemical being attached to the substrate.

Opaque flakes, such as pigment or bright flake used in paints and inks, have a selected shape and/or other indicia to provide a covert security feature to an object. In some embodiments the composition includes base pigment, and the opaque covert flakes match the visual characteristics of the base pigment. In another embodiment, opaque covert flakes are mixed in the carrier with base pigment at a concentration sufficient to avoid changing the appearance of the composition. In another embodiment, opaque covert flakes are mixed in a clear or tinted varnish base that can be applied over an existing security feature. Shaped opaque covert flakes are not readily detectable by causal observation, but in some embodiments are easily seen at 100× magnification.

A method and apparatus for producing a hologram using a two-beam laser interference exposure process, comprising the steps of using as a light source a femtosecond laser having a pulse width of 900-10 femtoseconds and a peak output of 1 GW or more and capable of generating a pulse beam at or close to the Fourier transform limit, dividing the pulse beam from the laser into two by a beam splitter, controlling the two beams temporally through an optical delay circuit and spatially using plane and concave mirrors each having a slightly rotatable reflection surface to converge the beams on a surface of or within a substrate for recording a hologram at an energy density of 100 GW/cm.sup.2 or more with keeping each polarization plane of the two beams in parallel so as to match the converged spot of the two beams temporally and spatially, whereby a hologram is recorded irreversibly on the substrate formed of a transparent material, semiconductor material or metallic material.

An image reproducing method and apparatus whereby an image with a wide angle of visibility can be reproduced from a holographic stereogram in a manner less susceptible to blurring. For reproducing an image from a holographic stereogram 80 of an edge lit system, a holographic stereogram 80 is arranged on a lateral side of a cylindrically-shaped light-introducing block 81 and a reproducing illuminating light beam 82 is illuminated on the holographic stereogram 80 via the light-introducing block 81. A reproduced image 85 is produced by a diffracted light beam obtained on diffraction of the reproducing illuminating light beam 82 transmitted through the holographic stereogram 80.

Laser ablation to direct write dot matrix holographic patterns onto the surface of polymeric coatings deposited on an embossing cylinder is described. The desired holographic pattern is ablated by interfering at least two laser beams directly onto the polymeric coating of the embossing cylinder in the pixel-by-pixel manner. The direct write laser ablation technique eliminates the size limitations of the holographic pattern created on the surface of the embossing cylinder, the need to combine smaller images to create a larger shim and the very need to use the shims, since large seamless embossing cylinders can be directly pixel-by-pixel ablated with larger sized images of great variety. The polymeric coatings for further direct write laser ablation can be deposited onto the embossing cylinder by various methods, including, but not limited to, molding or coating.

Decoration of a material is enabled with a high degree of recycling properties while satisfying the requirements for putting a structural color into practical use on the industrial scale. Furthermore, whether an object is genuine or not can be verified easily, and reusing by peeling as in the case of a hologram seal is prevented.

A cavity 12 having a periodic structure 13 causing optical diffraction is formed in the inside of a substrate 11, and a periodic structure 15 causing optical diffraction is formed on part or the whole of the substrate 11. These cavity interface periodic structure 13 and the substrate surface periodic structure 15 have a regular arrangement developing a structural color. In addition, by bringing a functional material to be in contact with the substrate surface periodic structure 15, development of a structural color by the substrate surface periodic structure 15 is suppressed, thereby enabling a structural color developed by the cavity interface periodic structure 13 to be read.

An apparatus for embossing a surface with a nano-optical color structure includes a monolithic material. The monolithic material is mounted to a carrier and has an active area facing away from the carrier and, in use, towards a surface to be embossed. The active area has a surface structure with at least one predetermined nano structure that causes in the surface to be embossed a structure that generates a predetermined color structure when exposed to visible light.

A low-cost method of making unique and printable holographic papers and the like with the aid of radiation-curable coatings and flexible embossed or engraved flexible web film masters, and as a single, non-laminated sheet; and novel improved diffraction-refraction and holographic high-gloss surface papers, boards and the like, clear, metallized, pigmented or tinted.

When an optical device is produced by bonding on a transparent base member an optical element formed as a hologram, the optical element and the transparent base member are both formed of an acrylic material. In particular when, as an optical device, an eyepiece optical system is produced by holding an optical element between two transparent base members, the optical element, the transparent base members, and the adhesive with which the transparent base members are joined together are all formed of an acrylic material. In this way, by building an eyepiece optical system with a similar kind of material, namely an acrylic material, it is possible to obtain increased adhesion among the materials of the individual components of the eyepiece optical system without performing special processing. Moreover, the transparent base members formed of an acrylic material more securely absorb shock and external pressure than those formed of glass.