The invention belongs to the technical field of a bionic robot and especially relates to a bionic spine motion segment. The bionic spine motion segment comprises an upper vertebrae, a lower vertebrae, a first erector muscle, a second erector muscle, a third erector muscle, a fourth erector muscle, a first oblique muscle, a second oblique muscle, a third oblique muscle, a fourth oblique muscle, a steel wire rope, a reversible magneto-rheological damper component, a spherical hinge, a cylinder limit bracket, an electric proportional valve, a pressure reducing valve, an air source and a controller, wherein the upper vertebrae can realize four-freedom movement when a pneumatic muscle is driven, thus the bionic spine motion segment is flexible, clean and energy-saving; the reversible magneto-rheological damper component can be adjusted in damping, so that the moving posture of the upper vertebrae can be adjusted and the support and damping effect can be achieved; the rigidity of the bionic vertebrae can be changed by adjusting air pressure in the pneumatic muscle. The bionic spine motion segment is characterized in that the characteristics of the biological vertebrae motion segment can be better simulated and the bionic spine motion segment is innovated and expanded in function, thus the bionic spine motion segment is worth to be applied.