The invention discloses a reinforced concrete hollow floor which comprises an in-situ rib (1), a precast side wall (2), a precast bottom plate (3) and an in-situ top plate (4), wherein the top of the precast bottom plate (3) is provided with a groove (16), and the inside of the groove (16) is filled with polystyrene plates, lightweight concrete or lightweight materials (17). The method for constructing the hollow floor comprises the following steps of: mounting a template (11), binding ribbed steel bars (12), and placing the precast side wall (2); placing the precast bottom plate (3) on a resting component (9) on the precast side wall (2), then casting concrete, after the concrete reaches a certain strength, removing the resting component (9), and placing the precast bottom plate (3) on abottom convex block (7) of the precast side wall (2); and painting mortar (15) below the precast bottom plate (3), thereby forming an integral hollow floor. The hollow floor disclosed by the invention is good in stressing property, integrity and impermeability; and because the inside of the precast bottom plate is filled with polystyrene plates, lightweight concrete or lightweight materials, the hollow floor is light in weight, low in cost, good in thermal insulation performance and convenient in construction.