The invention discloses a dynamic gas distribution system for simulating tail gas of a ship. The system comprises a gas source system and a gas distribution system body, wherein the gas source system comprises high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, pressure reduction valves, pressure gauges and gas pipelines; the gas distribution system body comprises inlet connectors, inlet ball valves, flowmeters, three-way clamping connectors, one-way valves, a gas mixer, outlet ball valves, outlet connectors, pressure gauges and gas pipelines; the high-pressure gas cylinders and the air compressors are respectively connected with the gas pipelines and are further respectively divided into two branches through the three-way clamping connectors after passing through the pressure reducing valves, the inlet connectors, the inlet ball valves and the flowmeters; one branch is connected with the gas mixer after passing through the one-way valves and is further led out through the outlet ball valves and the outlet connectors; the other branch passes through the one-way valves and is directly led out through the outlet ball valves and the outlet connectors. By adopting the dynamic gas distribution system disclosed by the invention, the tail gas of the ship can be continuously and stably output aiming at the gas distribution characteristics in ship tail gas treatment experiment, and the system is convenient to operate and accurate in proportioning.