The invention relates to an expanded-flow hybrid dynamic polymer, which at least contains vitrification swelling property and contains common covalent cross-linking above a gel point and a dynamic unit. The expanded-flow hybrid dynamic polymer has excellent swelling property, the common covalent crosslinking provides good structural stability for the swelling hybrid dynamic polymer, and the dynamic unit has dynamic reversibility, provides synergistic swelling property, molecular level and microscopic self-repairing property and shape memory property for the swelling hybrid dynamic polymer, andimproves the strength, toughness and damage resistance of the material. The expanded-flow hybrid dynamic polymer can be used as an energy absorbing material, a tough material, a shape memory materialand the like, and is widely applied to impact resistance protection, shock absorption, damping, sound absorption, noise elimination, packaging, medical treatment, traffic and the like. The inventionalso relates to a method for realizing the flow expansion property of the hybrid dynamic polymer, and an energy absorption method for absorbing energy by taking the hybrid dynamic polymer with the flow expansion property as t energy absorbing material.