The invention discloses an automatic glue throwing and filling device and method for a filtering piece, and belongs to automatic glue throwing and filling devices in the technical field of chemical defense. The automatic glue throwing and filling device mainly comprises accessories including a first glue tank, a second glue tank, a control box, a mixer, a mixer support, a working table, a glue filling clamp, a variable frequency motor, a first glue outlet tube, a second glue outlet tube, a second vacuum pump, a first vacuum pump, a second buffering tank, a first buffering tank, a first glue inlet tube, a second glue inlet tube, a connecting cable and the like. Multi-component glue can be mixed uniformly, and is automatically thrown into a narrow gap between the outer shell of the filtering piece and a filtering element for precision glue filling by the glue filling clamp which is designed specially, so that a surface, which is in contact with the filtering element, of the outer shell of the filtering piece is sealed completely, and quite high consistent sealing level and glue filling appearance quality are obtained.