235 results about "Co generation" patented technology

This invention is related to so-called combined cycle co-generation installations, and it addresses present concerns of the industry. Among these, combustion stability, corrosion (due to large water content in the flue gases), large heat transfer areas, and the like. In some embodiments, an additional heat exchanger is added to heat combustion air with a portion of the exhaust gases resulting from an engine, preferably a gas turbine. As a result, the efficiency of the cycle will improve, the oxidant will be enriched by above 50% oxygen, the combustion process will be enhanced, and the dimensions of the boiler may be reduced. It is considered that the combustion air will require between 10% and 80% of the total flue gas volume, more preferably between 20% and 40%. This is the portion of the flue gases sent through the heat exchanger. A control system designed to optimize the flow of the different streams is also presented. Other inventive embodiments forego heat exchanges in lieu of precise control of two flows of exhaust gas, with preferred addition of additional oxidant to the boiler bumers.

Apparatuses and methods for removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants from a gas stream are provided. The methods include obtaining hydroxide in an aqueous mixture, and mixing the hydroxide with the gas stream to produce carbonate and / or bicarbonate. Some of the apparatuses of the present invention comprise an electrolysis chamber for providing hydroxide and mixing equipment for mixing the hydroxide with a gas stream including carbon dioxide to form an admixture including carbonate and / or bicarbonate.

A bioreactor and bioreactor system are suitable for the growth of materials from algae. More specifically, the system preferred embodiments use concentrated sunlight in a solo- or co-generation system to produce algae and products therefrom as well as solar thermal energy.

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes integrated pressure maintenance and miscible flood systems with low emission power generation. An alternative system provides for low emission power generation, carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), or carbon dioxide sales using a hot gas expander and external combustor. Another alternative system provides for low emission power generation using a gas power turbine to compress air in the inlet compressor and generate power using hot carbon dioxide laden gas in the expander. Other efficiencies may be gained by incorporating heat cross-exchange, a desalination plant, co-generation, and other features.

A method of making a thin film transistor comprising a zinc-oxide-containing semiconductor material and spaced apart first and second electrodes in contact with the material. The co-generation of high quality zinc oxide semiconductor films and contact electrodes is obtained, at low temperatures, using non-vacuum conditions, silver nanoparticles are deposited to form the source and drain and, upon heating, converted to conducting metal. Such an in-situ formation of the silver metal / zinc oxide interface provides superior transistor activity compared to evaporated silver.

The present invention is an advanced co-generation system for abating solid wastes, hydrocarbons and other volatile organic compounds (VOC's) produced by various processes utilizing a Stirling cycle engine, turbines or other internal combustion engines doing useful work. The turbine exhaust is directed into an abatement chamber which may include a catalyst that is designed to operate at high temperature and includes supplementary fuel and air inputs which are controlled by a computer that receives sensor inputs to achieve the requisite heat ranges necessary to convert exhaust and VOC's to non-toxic substances. The exhaust generated by the abatement chamber is directed to a Stirling cycle engine for additional heat generation and recovery. The exhaust generated from this process can also be used to perform direct or indirect heating.

A Waste to Liquid Hydrocarbon Refinery System that transforms any municipal solid wastes and hazardous industrial wastes, Biomass or any carbon containing feedstock into synthetic hydrocarbon, particularly, but not exclusively, diesel and gasoline and / or electricity and co-generated heat, comprising three major subsystems: i) the Pyro-Electric Thermal Converter (PETC) (10) and Plasma Arc (PA) waste and biomass gasification subsystem (1); ii) the hydrocarbon synthesis subsystem (2); and iii) the electricity generation and heat co-generation subsystem (3).

A solar electrolysis power co-generation system includes a solar electrolysis source and a control unit. The solar electrolysis source includes a solar panel, an electrolysis unit, a hermetically sealed compressor, a hydrogen tank, and a hydrogen-powered fuel cell and produces, compresses, and stores hydrogen gas that is used to fuel the fuel cell. The control unit includes an inverter, a microprocessor, and a modem. The control unit connects the solar electrolysis power source with a power grid and with an individual consumer having an electrical load. The power co-generation system utilizes the electrolysis of water and solar energy to power a fuel cell. The energy produced with the fuel cell may be provided to an existing power gird as well as to an individual consumer. Further a method for decentralized power co-generation includes the step of providing a plurality of solar electrolysis power co-generation systems.

A recycled exhaust gas cooling and condensate regulation system for a natural gas fired internal combustion engine driven co-generation plant, which allows efficient exhaust recycled gas combustion while maintaining lower head temperatures to reduce thermal NOx emissions and delivering increased process / utility heat to a proximate co-generation client, is provided. The recycled exhaust gas cooling and condensate regulation system has primary and secondary, air-to-gas, exchanger units, coupled in series, such that the first unit, designed to take exhaust gas exiting the engine, cools the gas to a first exhaust gas temperature effectively super saturating the water vapor in the cooled exhaust gas; and, the second unit, designed to handle lower inlet temperatures, condenses the water vapor and super cools the exhaust gas to <130 F. In one embodiment, the engine intake mixture including the exhaust gas is supercharged. In another embodiment, a separate intercooler circuit is used to cool the compressed intake charge containing the recycled gas prior to entry into the intake engine manifold to further reduce head temperatures and control thermal NOx emissions.

A process for removal and recovery of nutrients and recycling of water from digested manure or other organic wastes. A first step involves separating waste from an anaerobic digester into digested liquids, digested solids, and biogas. A second step involves precipitating solids from the digested liquids. A third step involves stripping ammonia from the digested liquids. A fourth step involves injecting an exhaust stream of carbon dioxide drawn from the co-generator into the digested liquids to reduce the pH and raise the temperature of the digested liquid. A fifth step involves recycling the digested liquids back to the anaerobic digester for use in diluting in coming solid wastes. A sixth step involves passing the excess ammonia stripped from the digested liquid through the digested solids to recover nitrogen through aborption with the resultant digested solids being usable as a biofertilizer with a high nitrogen content. A seventh step involves capturing the biogas for use in a co-generation system.

A system for co-generation of electricity combining a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer, an SOFC assembly and a generator driven by a gas turbine. The fuel cell assembly recycles a high percentage of anode exhaust gas into the reformer. Oxygen for reforming is derived from water in an endothermic process. The stack exit temperature is normally above 800° C. DC power from the fuel cell assembly and AC power from the gas turbine generator are directed to a power conditioner. Anode exhaust gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen is divided into a plurality of portions by which heat may be added to the reforming, gas turbine, and cathode air heating processes. Water may be recovered from the exhaust. A power system in accordance with the invention is capable of operating at a higher total efficiency than either the fuel cell component or the gas turbine component alone.

Apparatuses and methods for removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants from a gas stream are provided. The methods include obtaining hydroxide in an aqueous mixture, and mixing the hydroxide with the gas stream to produce carbonate and / or bicarbonate. Some of the apparatuses of the present invention comprise an electrolysis chamber for providing hydroxide and mixing equipment for mixing the hydroxide with a gas stream including carbon dioxide to form an admixture including carbonate and / or bicarbonate.

An offshore, floating, moored, nuclear power generating plant and multi-purpose platform is disclosed herein. In a preferred embodiment, the invention consists of a spar or cell spar platform with multi-purpose, all weather topside decks, attached to a submerged “dry tank” that further includes: reactor generator deck(s), power plant main control deck, and central plant deck, that are all integrated within a watertight ballast hull. The invention design further includes cells that are modular for facilitating factory assembly and ultimate construction in a shipyard environment. Reactor vessels are typical naval nuclear reactor having a time tested outstanding safety record. A plurality of reactor generator modules are interconnected and operate independently and collectively and are transmitted by a plurality of high voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine cables through a transformer to the electrical grid. Multipurpose topside decks house vessel commend, crew, and any ancillary and co-generation equipment. The present invention, constructed in a multi-path manufacturing process, provides exceptional economic, environmental, sustainability, security, safety, and operational advantages over the current art of power generation.

The invention relates generally to framing systems and more particularly is concerned with systems adapted to mount panels or laminates in an array (12) on a supporting roof structure (10) of a building exemplified with the mounting of solar electric photovoltaic (PV) panels. The framing system described uses extruded elongate elements with a sealing element (37) to frame the PV panel as a weatherproof PV solar roof tile. Individual frame element profiles effectively embody the PV building integration (BiPV), or mounting method, of the solar tile within the frame itself. Only a few additional flashing components are needed to complete the PV tile array as part of the roof, or with minor variations, as a PV wall cladding. Full BiPV panel mounting methods show potential to be used for co-generation (PV / T) of solar thermal energy capture in buildings. The batten support structures (11) of the solar tile permit variation in roof batten spacing to be tolerated in retro-fit situations, make trafficable roof with the tiles possible and provide long term weather-ability as a building element through moisture reduction by air flow and smaller surface contact. Draining of internal roof condensate from the back of the tiles to the exterior is another feature of the frame system described.

The invention relates to a heat-storage heat-power co-generation unit and electric boiler based wind curtailment absorption coordinated dispatching model. The model is characterized in that on the basis of analyzing a working principle of a heat-storage heat-power co-generation unit, it is proposed to calculate a heat supply amount of an electric boiler maximally absorbing wind curtailment electric energy, and different working modes of a heat storage apparatus and the economy of heat-storage heat-power co-generation and electric boiler coordinated heat supply are compared. A calculation result shows that the heat supply of the electric boiler has optimal economy during maximal wind curtailment absorption. According to the model, the wind curtailment absorption space of a power grid can be further expanded, the dispatching cost can be reduced, and a scientific basis can be provided for a power grid dispatching department to make a day-ahead dispatching plan.

A method and apparatus for desalinating water combined with power generation, comprising a desalination system used for desalinating coastal seawater and comprising a power generation system, wherein such dual purpose co-generation facility captures the heat vapor exhausted or a steam turbine generator's condenser is replaced by the desalination plant's heat exchanger enabling such captured heat energy to reduce the energy requirements of the desalination plant, and wherein brine solution being treated by the desalination plant is pumped from the substrata sea water table wells having low salt content brackish water.

An apparatus to produce high purity hydrogen and electricity is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including a fuel cell configured to convert the chemical energy of a fuel to electricity and heat. An electrolyzer cell is placed in electrical and thermal communication with the fuel cell and is configured to electrolyze an oxygen-containing compound, such as steam or carbon dioxide, using the electricity and heat generated by the fuel cell. In selected embodiments, the fuel cell and electrolyzer cell are physically integrated into a single electrochemical cell stack.

A mobile, self-propelled platform, which includes an enclosed trailer containing a portable air-water recovery system, is disclosed. This trailer includes a wind turbine mounted outside of the closed trailer environment, and adapted for recovery of energy from an exhaust air stream that is vented from within the enclosed trailer environment. The energy generated from such exhaust air stream is used to supplement traditional power sources associated with the operation of water generation process. The energy recovered from the exhaust air stream is projected to reduce the overall operating cost of the air-water recovery system by least 25%, based upon its current energy consumption needs. This system has application to other environments in which a force air stream is produce incident to operation of a primary process, as for example, where a high pressure, air dryer is used to remove moisture from a product, or to accelerate a curing operation.

The invention discloses a co-generation compressed air energy storage method and an energy storage system. The energy storage method comprises the following steps that: exhausted gas of a turbo expander and high-pressure gas subjected to pressure adjustment enter an afterheat exchanger, then are heated through a heat accumulator and a combustion chamber in sequence, and return to the turbo expander; the high-pressure gas of a gas storage device and the exhausted gas of the turbo expander enter a sprayer through different gas suction ports, wherein the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas subjected to acceleration and pressure reduction of the gas storage device is lower than that of the exhausted gas; heat produced by the working of a gas compressor passes through a cooling heat exchanger, and water is heated by the heat of the cooling heat exchanger to produce hot water. According to the co-generation compressed air energy storage method and the energy storage system, regenerative energy can be fully used, and the consumption of non-regenerative energy is reduced; by pressure adjustment of the sprayer, the energy loss in a process of adjusting the pressure of the compressed gas is reduced; the afterheat can be effectively used, and co-generation is realized.

Synergistic Energy Ecosystem using a co-generation system and method wherein waste energy from waste heat producers within an enclosure including an electric generator is reclaimed to supply heat to the cold end of a heat pump within the enclosure for optimized use in space heating a habitat and to the management of the distribution of electricity from the generator so as to supply electricity to the habitat and to neighbouring habitats when efficient, cost-effective or required to do so by distribution policies managing the energy eco-system.

The invention provides a thermoelectricity co-generation energy-saving device for supplying heat by using waste heat and an energy-saving method thereof. The device comprises a steam boiler, a turbine, an electric generator, a steam condenser, a deaerator and a cooling tower, wherein the turbine is connected with the steam condenser by an exhaust hood, and the steam condenser is connected with the cooling tower to form a big circulation of waterway; the device also comprises a waste heat utilization hot water heater comprising an absorbing type heat pump and a heat exchanger; a steam inlet of the absorbing type heat pump is connected with an extraction opening of the turbine, a water inlet of the absorbing type heat pump is connected with a water returning end of a hot water pipe network, and the steam condenser, absorbing type heat pump and cooling tower are connected to form a small circulation of waterway; a steam inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the extraction opening of the turbine, a water inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with a water outlet end of the absorbing type heat pump, and the water outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with a water inlet end of the hot water pipe network; and the water drainage ends of the heat exchanger and the absorbing type heat pump are joined and then connected to the deaerator. The device of the invention has the advantages of reducing loss of a cold source, improving comprehensive heat efficiency and electric heating ratio and lowering coal consumption of the machine set in power generation.

A recycled exhaust gas cooling and condensate regulation system for a natural gas fired internal combustion engine driven co-generation plant, which allows efficient exhaust recycled gas combustion while maintaining lower head temperatures to reduce thermal NOx emissions and delivering increased process / utility heat to a proximate co-generation client, is provided. The recycled exhaust gas cooling and condensate regulation system has primary and secondary, air-to-gas, exchanger units, coupled in series, such that the first unit, designed to take exhaust gas exiting the engine, cools the gas to a first exhaust gas temperature effectively super saturating the water vapor in the cooled exhaust gas; and, the second unit, designed to handle lower inlet temperatures, condenses the water vapor and super cools the exhaust gas to <130 F. In one embodiment, the engine intake mixture including the exhaust gas is supercharged. In another embodiment, a separate intercooler circuit is used to cool the compressed intake charge containing the recycled gas prior to entry into the intake engine manifold to further reduce head temperatures and control thermal NOx emissions.

The invention discloses an optimal scheduling model of a micro-energy grid with multi-energy storage under multi-time scales, which relates to the field of energy internet optimization operation. Themicro-energy network comprises three energy forms of electricity, heat and gas, including P2G equipment, a heat and power co-generation micro-combustion engine, an electric boiler, a gas boiler, an accumulator, a heat storage tank and a gas storage tank. The multi-time scale considers two time scales, one hour before the day and 15 minutes within the day. The process of establishing the optimal scheduling model of the micro-energy grid comprises the following steps: 1, determining the component parameters and the network parameters of the micro-energy network; 2, establishing an hour-level optimized dispatch model before that day of the micro-energy grid; 3, establishing a micro-energy grid intra-day 15-minute level optimal scheduling model. The invention effectively deals with the power fluctuation of the renewable energy and the load prediction error on the premise of ensuring the daily operation energy balance of each energy storage device, and improves the absorbing capacity of themicro-energy grid to the wind power and the photovoltaic.

A method for simultaneous co-generation of electric energy and hydrogen by totally electrochemical means which includes an electricity storage phase by electrolysis of an electrolysable metal solution and formation of a hydrogen-electrolysable metal battery cell and, an electricity recovery and hydrogen generation phase by operation of said battery cell. The electrolysable metal is chosen from zinc, nickel and manganese.

A process for the production of a hydrocarbon comprises subjecting a feed stream comprising carbon dioxide and a source of hydrogen to elevated temperatures in an oxygen reduced environment and obtaining a synthesis gas stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas; and, utilizing the synthesis gas stream to produce at least one hydrocarbon product.

A system for co-generation of electricity combining a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer, an SOFC assembly and a generator driven by a gas turbine. The fuel cell assembly recycles a high percentage of anode exhaust gas into the reformer. Oxygen for reforming is derived from water in an endothermic process. The stack exit temperature is normally above 800° C. DC power from the fuel cell assembly and AC power from the gas turbine generator are directed to a power conditioner. Anode exhaust gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen is divided into a plurality of portions by which heat may be added to the reforming, gas turbine, and cathode air heating processes. Water may be recovered from the exhaust. A power system in accordance with the invention is capable of operating at a higher total efficiency than either the fuel cell component or the gas turbine component alone.