A greenhouse planting system is disclosed. The system comprises a greenhouse, and comprises planting equipment, an oxygen generator, a planting liquid sprinkling irrigation device, a heating device, an air purification device, an air blowing device and a control system which are arranged in the greenhouse. The control system comprises an oxygen generator control unit, a sprinkling irrigation control unit, a temperature control unit, a clearance control unit, a ventilation control unit, a planting liquid detection unit, a soil detection unit and a central control mainboard; the oxygen generator control unit is electrically connected with the oxygen generator; the sprinkling irrigation control unit is electrically connected with the planting liquid sprinkling irrigation device; the temperature control unit is electrically connected with the heating device; the ventilation control unit is electrically connected with the air purification device; the central control mainboard is in communication connection with the oxygen generator control unit, the sprinkling irrigation control unit, the temperature control unit, the clearance control unit, the ventilation control unit, the planting liquid detection unit and the soil detection unit through network interfaces.