The invention discloses a method for preparing Alite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement from red mud. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adopting a mineral phase of Alite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement prepared from red mud, wherein the mineral phase consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 5%-8% of C3.75B0.25A3S, 15%-19% of C2S, 40%-60% of C3S, 10%-20% of C4AF and 4%-8% of C3A; (2) according to the mineral phase composition of Alite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement, calculating the mixing amount of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6%-10% of red mud, 0.3%-0.5% of barium mud, 65%-75% of lime stone, 0.3%-1% of bauxite, 15%-25% of clay, 3%-5% of gypsum and 0.4%-1.5% of fluorite, wherein the fluorite is taken as a mineralizer; (3) crushing, homogenizing, drying, grinding, uniformly mixing, roasting and cooling the raw materials; and (4) adding and grinding gypsum or dihydration gypsum powder which accounts for 5-12% of the total mass until the specific surface area is 350-450m<2> / kg. The method disclosed by the invention is low in sintering temperature, high in early strength, stable in later strength and low in cost, can be used for providing an effective utilization way for comprehensively utilizing the red mud.