The invention discloses a GeXP (Gene Expression Profiler) detection kit for differentiating 11 kinds of duck viral diseases. The invention provides a GeXP detection primer group for identifying or assisting to identify duck infectious disease pathogens, wherein the primer group consists of a primer pair A, a primer pair B, a primer pair C, a primer pair D, a primer pair E, a primer pair F, a primer pair G, a primer pair H, a primer pair I, a primer pair J, a primer pair K and a primer pair L. According to the GeXP detection kit, shown by experiments, the primer group, a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) reagent and the primer pairs, provided by the invention, are used for simultaneously differentiating and detecting avian influenza viruses, H5, H7 and H9 subtype avian influenza viruses, duck hepatitis viruses, duck plague viruses, duck flaviviruses, newcastle disease viruses, egg drop syndrome viruses, muscovy duck reoviruses, muscovy duck parvoviruses and duck circoviruses and are good in specificity and high in sensitivity. The detection kit, which is simple and convenient and is high in flux, and a detection system are provided for the detection on common major duck infectious disease pathogens, so that the practical needs are better met, and application prospects are broad.