The invention discloses a method for detecting
formic acid,
methanol and
ethanol based on an automatic headspace
gas chromatography-
mass spectrometry technology. The detection method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a mixed standard working solution of
formic acid,
methanol and
ethanol; s2, adding an esterification
reagent into the mixed standard working solution or the to-be-detected sample, and sealing the mixed standard working solution or the to-be-detected sample in a headspace
bottle; s3, the headspace
bottle is placed in an automatic headspace sampler, heating and heat preservation are conducted,
formic acid and isopropanol are subjected to an
esterification reaction to generate
isopropyl formate, and meanwhile the
isopropyl formate, methyl
alcohol and ethyl
alcohol are volatilized to the top space of the headspace
bottle; s4, the headspace sample
injector automatically extracts gas in the headspace and injects the gas into the
gas chromatography system; and S5, carrying out separation through a
chromatographic column, carrying out heating, carrying out detection by using a
mass spectrometry
detector, and carrying out qualitative and quantitative analysis on formic acid,
methanol and
ethanol in the to-be-detected sample. The detection method provided by the invention realizes rapid, automatic, high-sensitivity and high-specificity
synchronous detection of formic acid, methanol and ethanol in a blood sample.