A piezoelectric element includes, a substrate, a first
electrode, a first piezoelectric film, a second
electrode, a second piezoelectric film, and a third
electrode, the first electrode, the first piezoelectric film, the second electrode, the second piezoelectric film, and the third electrode being provided on the substrate, a seed layer is provided only between the first electrode and the first piezoelectric film or between the second electrode and the second piezoelectric film,, the other piezoelectric film that is provided on the seed layer satisfies, in a case in which a positive-side coercive
voltage is denoted by Vcr+ and a negative-side coercive
voltage is denoted by Vcr, |Vcr++Vcr−|<|Vcr+−Vcr−|, and satisfies, in a case in which a positive-side coercive
voltage is denoted by Vcf+ and a negative-side coercive voltage is denoted by Vcf− in the one piezoelectric film, |Vcf+−Vcf−|<|Vcr+−Vcr−|.