The invention relates to a preparation method of a musical instrument fingerboard wooden material. The method comprises the following steps that a furan compound with alcoholic hydroxyl groups, boric acid, phosphoric acid and carbon tetrachloride are mixed, triethylamine is dropwise added into the mixture, all the substances react sufficiently, and a solution is obtained; 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and a carbon nanomaterial are added into the solution, and a needed acoustic functional body impregnation solution is obtained; needed wood is introduced through impregnation, pretreatment is conducted through microwaves with certain power or heating to enable oligomers to be formed in an acoustic functional body, and then hot-pressing treatment is conducted; and finally, the hot-pressed wood is dried in vacuum and then sliced and polished after being cooled, and the musical instrument fingerboard wooden material is obtained. The invention further relates to the musical instrument fingerboard wooden material prepared through the method. According to the musical instrument fingerboard wooden material prepared through the method, the moisture content and density can be controlled, the color difference is uniform, the solid wood texture is strong, the acoustic vibration performance is comparable with that of natural wood, the sound quality is good, and the musical instrument fingerboard wooden material can be used for replacing endangered precious natural wood.