The invention discloses a model-free component ultrasonic non-
destructive testing trajectory planning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring
point cloud information of all surfaces of a detected component through a scanning means, and preprocessing the
point cloud information in space to enable the
mass center of the detected component to be horizontally aligned; the method comprises the following steps: pre-planning a detection path of a detected component in a
point cloud file, extracting point clouds through which a preset detection path passes, performing high-order
curve fitting in
software, eliminating outliers, and performing fitting to generate a
surface scanning path line of the detected component; dispersing a
surface scanning path line of the measured piece according to parameters such as scanning intervals set according to preset scanning parameters, extending along a normal line of a sampling point on a fitting curve to obtain a probe position corresponding to the sampling point, taking the probe position as a mechanical arm
flange motion coordinate for clamping the probe, generating a mechanical arm
flange motion and mechanical arm
pose matrix, and determining the position of the measured piece according to the mechanical arm
flange motion and mechanical arm
pose matrix. And the scanning track of the mechanical arm is generated. According to the invention, the mechanical arm clamps the probe to automatically detect the model-free component.