118 results about "Pull in voltage" patented technology

Nano-electromechanical device having an electrically conductive nano-cantilever wherein the nano-cantilever has a free end that is movable relative to an electrically conductive substrate such as an electrode of a circuit. The circuit includes a power source connected to the electrode and to the nano-cantilever for providing a pull-in or pull-out voltage therebetween to effect bending movement of the nano-cantilever relative to the electrode. Feedback control is provided for varying the voltage between the electrode and the nano-cantilever in response to the position of the cantilever relative to the electrode. The device provides two stable positions of the nano-cantilever and a hysteresis loop in the current-voltage space between the pull-in voltage and the pull-out voltage. A first stable position of the nano-cantilever is provided at sub-nanometer gap between the free end of the nano-cantilever and the electrode with a pull-in voltage applied and with a stable tunneling electrical current present in the circuit. A second stable position of the nano-cantilever is provided with a pull-out voltage between the cantilever and the electrode with little or no tunneling electrical current present in the circuit. The nano-electromechanical device can be used in a scanning probe microscope, ultrasonic wave detection sensor, NEMS switch, random access memory element, gap sensor, logic device, and a bio-sensor when the nano-cantilever is functionalized with biomolecules that interact with species present in the ambient environment be them in air or aqueous solutions. In the latest case, the NEMS needs to be integrated with a microfluidic system.

A microphone and a method for calibrating a microphone are disclosed. In one embodiment the method for calibrating a microphone comprises operating a MEMS device based on a first AC bias voltage, measuring a pull-in voltage, calculating a second AC bias voltage or a DC bias voltage, and operating the MEMS device based the second AC bias voltage or the DC bias voltage.

The present invention provides multiple test structures for performing reliability and qualification tests on MEMS switch devices. A Test structure for contact and gap characteristic measurements is employed having a serpentine layout simulates rows of upper and lower actuation electrodes. A cascaded switch chain test is used to monitor process defects with large sample sizes. A ring oscillator is used to measure switch speed and switch lifetime. A resistor ladder test structure is configured having each resistor in series with a switch to be tested, and having each switch-resistor pair electrically connected in parallel. Serial / parallel test structures are proposed with MEMS switches working in tandem with switches of established technology. A shift register is used to monitor the open and close state of the MEMS switches. Pull-in voltage, drop-out voltage, activation leakage current, and switch lifetime measurements are performed using the shift register.

A small thin film movable element comprises; a movable portion supported elastically deformably and having a movable electrode at at least a portion of the movable portion; and a fixed electrode arranged to be opposed to the movable portion, wherein the movable portion is displaced by an electrostatic force in accordance with a voltage applied to the movable electrode and the fixed electrode, and wherein the voltage applied in displacing the movable portion falls in a range equal to or lower than a static pull-in voltage for bringing the movable portion into contact with a side of the fixed electrode against a resistance force generated in accordance with an amount of displacing the movable portion and equal to or higher than a minimum dynamic pull-in voltage for bringing the movable portion into contact with the side of the fixed electrode by being compounded with an inertia force generated in accordance with an operation of the movable portion.

A micro-electromechanical modulating element including a plurality of movable portions as defined herein and a plurality of driving portions as defined herein, wherein a dynamic pull-in voltage defined herein is set to be lower than a hold voltage defined herein, and the driving portion drives the movable portion by a drive voltage greater than or equal to the hold voltage and the drive voltage is less than or equal to 10 V.

The invention relates to an undervoltage release, which comprises a capacitive charging booster type starting power circuit, a self feedback dual-limit detection circuit, a relay switching circuit and an electromagnet coil. The starting power circuit is connected with the self feedback dual-limit detection circuit, the relay switching circuit and the electromagnet coil, and the control output end of the self feedback dual-limit detection circuit is connected with the control input end of the relay switching circuit; the relay switching circuit comprises a relay; when the voltage of a power grid is kept at a release voltage or higher than the release voltage after reaching a pull-in voltage, a relay coil and the electromagnet coil form a serially connected loop; when the voltage of the power grid is lower than the release voltage, the electromagnet coil is in a state of an open circuit; and when the voltage of the power grid restores to the pull-in voltage or higher than the pull-in voltage, the relay coil and the electromagnet coil form a serially connected loop again. The undervoltage release has the advantages of low calorific power, big release instant starting torque, very simple circuit, reliable work, high efficiency and the like.

Driving is made possible in a moving range equivalent to or wider than the conventional range, with a driving voltage having a range smaller than a pull-in voltage. An electronic element includes a fixed portion, and a movable portion which is movable with respect to the fixed portion and which is provided to generate a spring force to make restoration to a predetermined position. The fixed portion is provided with a first driving electrode and a first signal electrode. The movable portion is provided with a second driving electrode and a second signal electrode. An electrostatic force is generated between the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode by a voltage applied therebetween so that the electrostatic force resists against the spring force; and the first and second driving electrodes and the first and second signal electrodes are arranged so that the electrostatic force is generated in a direction in which a spacing distance between the first and second signal electrodes is widened.

The invention discloses an automatic testing system for the vibration fatigue characteristic of a on-line micro electromechanical system beam which consists of a voltage generating module, an amplifier, a beam, a timer, a voltage detecting module, a protection circuit and a data output module. The invention adopts the technical scheme as follows: firstly using an AC voltage to load a vibration fatigue load on the micro electromechanical system beam to lead the beam to vibrate for specific times; removing the vibration fatigue load, then loading a DC measuring voltage on the beam to detect a pull-in voltage value which reflects the fatigue characteristic of the beam, finally repeating the steps to lead the loading and the measuring to be alternatively carried out to obtain a relation between the pull-in voltage value which reflects the fatigue characteristic of the beam and the vibration times of the beam. The automatic testing system integrates the loading of the vibration fatigue load and the testing of the fatigue characteristic, thereby leading the system to be simpler; besides, the measuring process is completely automatic and no persons are needed to watch the whole process.

The invention relates to an energy saving device of the electromagnetic system, and an electromagnetic system including the energy saving device. The energy saving device comprises a SCR (semiconductor control rectifier) control unit, wherein the input end of the SCR control unit is connected with an AC (alternating current) power supply; the SCR control unit includes at least one second variable resistor (VR2) and one seventh capacitor (C7) in serial connection; the different charging-discharging times of the seventh capacitor (C7) can be obtained by regulating the resistance of the second variable resistor (VR2); and the size of a phase shift angle of the SCR can be changed by controlling the charging-discharging time of the capacitor to further change the size of a conduction angle of the SCR. Different pull-in voltages and retention voltages can be obtained by regulating the resistance of the second variable resistor (VR2) to adapt to different electromagnetic systems, thereby greatly enhancing the versatility.

The invention relates to a drive assembly of a pulsator washing machine. The drive assembly comprises a mounting tray. A spindle and a shaft sleeve sleeved on the spindle are rotatably disposed on the mounting tray. A reduction electromagnetic clutch mechanism is disposed between the spindle and the shaft sleeve. A drive mechanism is disposed on the lower portion of the spindle. The reduction electromagnetic clutch mechanism is an electromagnetic clutch mechanism having a function of electromagnetic clutch planetary gear reduction. The reduction electromagnetic clutch mechanism is provided with a planetary gear component and an electromagnetic clutch component. The drive mechanism is an external rotor direct-drive motor comprising a rotor and a stator. The stator is fixedly connected to the mounting tray. The rotor is fixedly connected with the spindle. The spindle and the electromagnetic clutch and planetary gear reduction mechanism are directly driven by an external rotor motor, and accordingly defects such as complex ratchet and pawl structure, large size and low control accuracy in the prior art are broken through. Electromagnetic clutching is high in transmission efficiency, accurate in transmission and clutching control and low in noise; the whole drive assembly is light in weight, pull-in voltage and holding voltage are less demanded in electromagnetic clutching, and energy consumption is reduced effectively.

A small thin film movable element comprises; a movable portion supported elastically deformably and having a movable electrode at at least a portion of the movable portion; and a fixed electrode arranged to be opposed to the movable portion, wherein the movable portion is displaced by an electrostatic force in accordance with a voltage applied to the movable electrode and the fixed electrode, and wherein the voltage applied in displacing the movable portion falls in a range equal to or lower than a static pull-in voltage for bringing the movable portion into contact with a side of the fixed electrode against a resistance force generated in accordance with an amount of displacing the movable portion and equal to or higher than a minimum dynamic pull-in voltage for bringing the movable portion into contact with the side of the fixed electrode by being compounded with an inertia force generated in accordance with an operation of the movable portion.

The invention discloses an ACS710 based frequency converter overcurrent protection circuit and method. The circuit comprises a frequency converter, a fault pull-up resistor, an enabling pull-up resistor, a first comparator, a second comparator, an eleventh resistor, a fourth resistor, a triode, a voltage stabilizing tube and a hardware lockout sub-circuit, wherein the first comparator is used for comparing pull-down voltage of a chip overcurrent fault pin with a reference voltage value, the second comparator is used for level overturn protection on overcurrent. The hardware overcurrent protection circuit is designed according to overcurrent signals of the overcurrent fault pin of an ACS710 Hall, so that a primary short-circuit priority protection circuit is added by output of the frequency converter, circuit protection signals are directly transmitted to the hardware lockout sub-circuit without being processed via a CPU (central processing unit) so as to shield drive PWM (pulse-width modulation) signals, delay of the circuit only includes ACS710 fault detection delay and overturn delay of the second comparator, delayed response time of the whole circuit is within 5us, and the shortcoming that a traditional circuit is not timely in short-circuit protection is eliminated thoroughly .

The invention discloses a microphone and electronic equipment. The microphone comprises a shell with a cavity and a microphone unit arranged in the shell cavity, and further comprises an acousticallysealed electret film and a pole plate; the electret film is configured to seal a channel between a sound hole and the microphone unit when the electret film and the pole plate are adsorbed together; relative to a surface level Vs on the pole plate, the electret film satisfies the condition that Vs is more than VPI water and less than VPI air, wherein the VPI water represents the pull-in voltage ofthe electret film and the pole plate in the water, and the VPI air represents the pull-in voltage of the electret film and the pole plate in the air. The microphone disclosed by the invention can beautomatically waterproof, and can resist large water pressure.

The invention discloses an elevator band-type brake power supply. The elevator band-type brake power supply is provided with a band-type brake coil pull-in voltage and sustaining voltage conversion circuit, a timer of a delayed step-down switching circuit (3) is triggered by means of the change of line current when a band-type brake coil is switched on, a current detection circuit (2) is connected with the delayed step-down switching circuit (3), the delayed step-down switching circuit (3) is connected with a PWM control and driving circuit (4), and the PWM control and driving circuit (4) is connected with a DC chopper circuit (5). Low-side current detection is adopted for the current detection circuit (2), and a current sampling resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the elevator band-type brake power supply in series.

The invention provides a micro-electro-mechanical-system microphone. The microphone comprises a back plate and a diaphragm which is opposite to the back plate, wherein the back plate is provided with a main body part; the diaphragm is provided with a vibration part; an insulating layer which completely covers the main body part or the vibration part is arranged between the diaphragm and the back plate; when the insulating layer completely covers the main body part, a gap is formed between the insulating layer and the vibration part; and when the insulating layer completely covers the vibration part, a gap is formed between the insulating layer and the main body part. The micro-electro-mechanical-system microphone can effectively prevent the diaphragm from pulling in the back plate at pull-in voltage during work.

The invention discloses an anti-interference electricity contactor time delay device. The time delay device comprises an alternating current auxiliary power supply input module, an auxiliary power supply state detection module, a switch power supply module, a switch power supply state detection module, a pull-in voltage circuit module, a holding voltage circuit module, a selection control switch module, a button, a display, an alarm, an output module, a contactor coil, a contactor coil operation state detection module and a master control unit module. Setting of delay time of 0.1s to 9.9s, adjusting of a holding voltage of 2.0V to 12V and setting of a power loss voltage and a recovery voltage can be achieved through setting of different parameters, the time delay device has a display, an alarm output and a motion output outlet, therefore functions of an anti-interference electricity contactor time delay module, such as high reliability, flexible selection application, low cost, energy saving and simple control line are achieved, and the purpose of delay time release of contactor functions during interference electricity of the system is achieved.

A memory may include: a bit line sense amplifier circuit configured to operate based on voltages supplied to a pull-up voltage terminal and a pull-down voltage terminal, provide an offset between a first bit line and a second bit line during an offset canceling period, and amplify a voltage difference between the first bit line and the second bit line during an amplification period; a first down-converter configured to generate a second pull-up voltage by down-converting a first pull-up voltage and supply the generated second pull-up voltage to a first node; a capacitor electrically connected to the first node; a charging component configured to charge the capacitor with the first pull-up voltage before the offset canceling period; and a first pull-up supply configured to supply a voltage of the first node to the pull-up voltage terminal during the offset canceling period.

The present invention relates to a method for a driving solenoid-operated fuel injector in diesel. An accurate control of a solenoid-operated fuel injector in a Diesel or gasoline engine requires that a pull-in voltage (V pull-in ) higher than the generally available battery voltage (V batt ) is applied to the injector (2,3), and that the injection is ended as quickly as possible, in order that the fuel injection closely follows the solenoid current profile. When the initial pull-in voltage is lower than the expected nominal value, a deviation of the injected fuel quantity appears with respect to the nominal quantity. This inconvenience is overcome by monitoring the actual value of a selected parameter, such as the actual value of the initial pull-in voltage (V pull-in), and the injectionstart time (t e ) and the solenoid energizing time (ET) are correspondingly modified ( t, ET).

The invention discloses a method for measuring the mechanical parameters of a double-layer double-clamped beam, which belongs to the technical field of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) material parameter online test. According to the method, based on a pull-in voltage analysis model of upper and lower unequal-width double-layer double-clamped beams, numerical calculation is carried out by using pull-in voltage of a group of upper and lower unequal-width double-layer double-clamped beams, equivalent Young's modulus of each layer and equivalent residual stress data of each layer can be obtained more accurately at one time, which is of great significance for the production and research of MEMS. The invention also discloses a mechanical parameter measuring device for double-layer double-clamped beam.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic type power master switch for a car. According to the key points of the technical scheme, the electromagnetic type power master switch for the car comprises an electromagnetic component, a metal shell, a movable iron core, a movable contact component and a fixed electrode. The electromagnetic component is mainly composed of a magnetism conducting plate, a coil holder, a primary coil and an auxiliary coil, wherein the primary coil and the auxiliary coil are arranged on the coil holder, the auxiliary coil is arranged at the outer side of the primary coil, a thermistor is connected to a closed circuit of the auxiliary coil in series, and the thermistor is fixed inside a groove of bakelite through 906 insulation paste. The primary coil and the auxiliary coil are provided, the thermistor is connected to the closed circuit of the auxiliary coil in series, and therefore the electromagnetic type power master switch for the car achieves the effects of reducing energy consumption, lowering pull-in voltage, lowering a heat value and reducing material consumption.

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power supply switches, disclosing an adjustable electromagnetic power supply switch. The adjustable electromagnetic power supply switch comprises an upper casing (1), a lower casing (18), an iron core (13), a movable contact spring assembly (12), a static contact spring assembly (22), a coil rack assembly (14), an enamelled wire (15) and the like, wherein magnetic conduction inner casings (17) are additionally arranged on the outer sides of the iron core (13), the coil rack assembly (14) and the enamelled wire (15); the inside diameters of the magnetic conduction inner casings (17) are the same as the excircle diameter of the coil rack assembly (14); the upper casing (1) and the lower casing (18) are made of plastic; main contacts are respectively made of composite silver material; and adjusting screws (6) are additionally arranged at the top of the iron core. According to the adjustable electromagnetic power supply switch disclosed by the invention, the problem of overlow or overhigh pull-in voltage is solved; and the phenomenon that the switch is burnt down due to short circuit caused by contact of a spanner and the upper casing when the switch is replaced, can be also avoided. The adjustable electromagnetic power supply switch disclosed by the invention has the advantages of adjustable stroke, controllable clearance, cost saving, convenience for operation, safety and reliability.

The invention discloses a relay control circuit. The relay control circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C1, a triode VT1, a diode D1 and a relay K. According to the relay control circuit of the invention, based on a principle that the maintaining voltage of a relay is lower than half of the pull-in voltage of the relay, a sufficiently high instantaneous voltage is applied to two ends of the control coil of the relay when the relay is triggered, so that the relay can work stably and reliably in a low-power source voltage supply condition, and therefore, cost can be saved. The relay control circuit is suitable for being popularized.

The invention discloses a vehicle relay energy saving control circuit having voltage protection. The vehicle relay energy saving control circuit having voltage protection includes a voltage protectioncircuit, an energy saving control circuit and a vehicle relay driving circuit. A relay coil voltage is stabilized on the condition that external wide voltage range input power conditions are met; according to characteristics of a relay, the minimum pull-in voltage and the minimum holding voltage are provided at a pull-in phase and a holding phase respectively, the coil consumption power is stabilized, through feedback closed-loop control, in the case of external voltage changes, the coil is guaranteed to consume the minimum power. The vehicle relay energy saving control circuit is advantagedin that the voltage protection circuit is set, the coil is guaranteed to operate in the normal operation voltage range, under high and low voltage conditions, the relay coil is effectively protected from being influenced or damaged.

The invention discloses an electromagnetic type power master switch which comprises an electromagnetic component (11), an outer casing (3), a push rod (5), a movable contact piece (8) and a fixed electrode (9), wherein a plastic sleeve (6) is mounted between the upper top part of the push rod (5) and the outer casing (3); the outer casing is made of metal; the electromagnetic component (11) comprises an upper magnetic conductive plate (2) and a coil (4); and an inner iron ring (1) is mounted on the periphery of the coil and between the upper magnetic conductive plate and the lower part of the outer casing. According to the electromagnetic type power master switch, axial movement of the push rod is limited through the upper part of the outer casing, the pull-in distance inside a product is adjusted through the plastic sleeve, and accordingly, pull-in voltage becomes controllable and stable. The magnetic conductive plate, the inner iron core and the lower part of the outer casing wrap the coil wholly in a whole surrounding manner, so that the magnetic flux leakage quantity of the coil during working is reduced, the magnetic loss is smaller, the electromagnetic utilization ratio of the product is improved, the on-off capability of the product is enhanced, the product quality is improved on the whole, and the service life of the electromagnetic type power master switch is prolonged.

The present invention belongs to the start-up motor electromagnetic switch production field and relates to a full-automatic detection pipeline. The full-automatic detection pipeline includes a central control mechanism, a transmission mechanism which is controlled to perform driving by the central control mechanism, an airtightness test box, an hanging hook size test box, a switch cover direction confirmation mechanism, an additional stroke test box, a pull-in voltage test box, a release voltage test box, a coil current balance test box, a run-in test box, a contact point voltage drop detection assembly, a voltage withstand test box and an automatic code spraying box; and the transmission mechanism comprises a circulation feeding belt and a tool positioning platform arranged on the circulation feeding belt. According to the full-automatic detection pipeline, the boxes are sequentially arranged along the circulation feeding belt; when detection is performed, the tool positioning platform is manually pushed to be conveyed along the circulation feeding belt and pass through various data detection stations; and a pipeline type detection mode is adopted, and therefore, detection efficiency can be greatly improved, the shipment quantity of enterprises can be improved, and the costs of the enterprises can be reduced.

The invention relates to a full-automatic detection processing line, and belongs to the production field of electromagnetic switches of start motors. The full-automatic detection processing line comprises a middle control mechanism, as well as a transmission mechanism, an airtightness test box, a hook size test box, a switch cover direction confirmation mechanism, an additional stroke test box, a pull-in voltage test box, a release voltage test box, a coil current balance test box, a running-in test box, a measuring contact step-down and withstand voltage test box and an automatic ink jet box driven by the middle control mechanism; and the transmission mechanism comprises a cyclic feeding belt and a tool positioning platform arranged on the cyclic feeding belt. In the full-automatic detection processing line, the test boxes are arranged sequentially along the cyclic feeding belt, and during detection, the tool positioning platform is pushed manually and conveyed along the cyclic feeding belt, and undergoes different data detection successively; and via a processing line detection manner, the detection efficiency is improved greatly, the outgoing amount of an enterprise is increased, and the enterprise cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a Monte Carlo simulation based method for predicting the pass percent of pull-in voltages of contactors and belongs to the technical field of contactor detection. The method solves the problems that methods for detecting pull-in voltage parameters during design of existing contactors are high in design and test cost and long in design period due to the fact that samples are required to be machined and manufactured. According to the method, three kinds of design values, upper limits and lower limits of parameters which affect pull-in voltages are determined according to design documents of contactors, and a matrix laboratory (MATLAB) is used for producing N groups of parameter combinations through an independent identically distributed central limit theorem; then N groups of pull-in voltage characteristic parameters are obtained according to N groups of parameter combinations; distribution characteristics of pull-in voltage parameters are obtained; and finally, the pass percent of pull-in voltages of contactors is obtained through a Simpson principle according to distribution characteristics and pull-in voltage design parameters. The method is applicable to prediction and analysis of the pass percent of pull-in voltages of contactors in the design link of contactors, so that bases are provided for correction of design parameters for designers of contactors.

The invention discloses an elevator emergency rescue method and device. The method comprises the following steps that after an elevator is powered off, a rescue device is started, the rescue device detects the voltage of the rescue device after being started, when the detection value is not lower than the lowest pull-in voltage of an elevator brake, the rescue device detects the load in the elevator, when the elevator is loaded, the rescue device detects the position, in a shaft, of the elevator, when the elevator is located in the non-level position, the rescue device provides power for the elevator brake; and the elevator brake drives the elevator to the level position; after the rescue device stops providing power for the elevator brake and supplies power to a portal crane so that the landing door can be opened, and trapped persons leave the elevator through the landing door; and after the trapped persons leave completely, the rescue device stops the elevator. The elevator emergencyrescue method and device have the characteristics that the intelligent degree is high, and the safety is good.

A liquid crystal panel (100) is provided with a pair of substrates (10, 30), a liquid crystal layer (40) retained between the pair of substrates, and a sealing material (42) provided so as to surround the liquid crystal layer. A plurality of pixels (P1, P2) are formed in the shape of a matrix in a region surrounded by the sealing material. Each of the plurality of pixels has an oxide semiconductor TFT (5) provided to one substrate (10) and a pixel electrode (19) that is provided to the one substrate and is connected to the oxide semiconductor TFT. The configuration is such that when the oxide semiconductor TFT is being switched from an on state to an off state, a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer using the pixel electrode is level-shifted in a negative direction by an amount commensurate with a pull-in voltage Delta Vd. A pull-in voltage Delta Vd1 in the first pixel (P1) among the plurality of pixels is smaller than a pull-in voltage Delta Vd2 in the second pixel (P2) which is positioned farther from the sealing material than the first pixel.