The invention discloses a food modeling and rapid detecting integration method and system adopting portable NIRS (near infrared spectroscopy). According to the method, the portable NIRS is secondarily developed under the windows system, a food detecting and calibrating model is established according to concentration reference values of component index parameters of a calibration set food sample as well as NIRS data, component parameters of a to-be-detected set sample food are detected by the calibrating model, and concentration detection values of to-be-detected components of unknown samples are obtained; an optimal detecting and calibrating model aiming at specific detected food objects can be obtained by adjusting model parameters. The integration system comprises a sample spectrum data collecting module, a sample spectrogram pre-processing module and a model establishment and evaluation analysis module. With the adoption of the method and the system, food components can be rapidly detected, according to the data characteristics of detected objects, the model can be established initiatively, the optimal parameters can be determined, the optimal model can be established, and accordingly, the detection precision of the model is improved.