The invention discloses a mini-array poisonous gas detecting instrument which can exhibit different colors when an air sensor reacts with poisonous gases, and the color of transmitted light can change correspondingly because incident light is spectrally absorbed. The mini-array poisonous gas detecting instrument comprises an incident light source system, an air sensing array system, a transmittedlight acquisition system and a data analyzing and processing system, wherein the air sensing array system is provided with a sealed cabin which is characterized by good sealing effect, convenient loading and unloading, high stability and reasonable structural design, the transmitted light acquisition system uses a colored linear array CCD which is characterized by good sensibility and photoelectric transformation property, the data analyzing and processing system takes a microprocessor as a core element to form a perfect system of element controlling, data receiving, processing and analyzing,and is characterized by high automation degree, quick analysis speed and precise result. The mini-array poisonous gas detecting instrument is compact in structure and small in size, is especially beneficial to quickly detecting the slight quantity of extremely poisonous gas, and has good developing prospect.