The invention provides a heat radiation protection device and a spectrum therapy instrument. The spectrum therapy instrument comprises a plurality of light sources and a heat radiation protection device. The heat radiation protection device comprises an area light source substrate, heat radiation bases, heat radiation fans, heat conduction pipes and heat radiation fins. The multiple heat radiationbases are arranged on the area light source substrate. Second installation parts are respectively arranged between adjacent heat radiation bases. The heat radiation fans are installed in the second installation parts respectively. The adjacent heat radiation bases are connected by the heat conduction pipes. The heat radiation fins are arranged on the pipe bodies of the heat conduction pipes to increase the heat radiation area. By integrating the heat radiation bases, the heat conduction pipes, heat conduction fluid, the heat radiation fins and the heat radiation fans and quickly transferringthe heat generated by the light sources to the heat radiation fin group through the heat conduction pipe network, multiple heat radiation and intelligent temperature control are realized. A fast and efficient heat radiation cycle system is formed, which is more efficient, intelligent and environment-friendly than air cooling. The heat radiation protection device is small, simple and easy to operate, can meet the requirement of light sources for long-time work and guarantee the working life of light sources, can radiate heat quickly, has high efficiency, and is convenient to install and use.