The invention discloses an elastic cushion for manufacturing an open-type rail bearing groove roadbed. The cylindrical elastic cushion comprises an attaching surface I and an attaching surface II which are oppositely arranged; and the shape of the attaching surface I is fitted with the shape of a section of the end part of a sleeper. Through the adoption of the elastic cushion disclosed by the invention, one surface of the elastic cushion is connected to the sleeper, and the other opposite surface of the elastic cushion is used for connecting a mold plate for casting a roadbed; and the elastic cushion can be bended and compressed, so that the purpose that when the sleeper is obliquely arranged, the end part of the sleeper is still tightly attached to the mold plate can be met, the purpose that no matter whether the roadbed is cast in a straight section or a curve super-elevation section, after the mold plate and the elastic cushion are disassembled, an opening in a required shape is formed in the position of the original elastic cushion, at the end part of the roadbed in which a rail bearing groove of the sleeper is formed is guaranteed, and the defects that in the prior art, if a harmful layer is not removed, an opening is not formed in the rail bearing groove, besides, the harmful layer is thin, chipping is easy to generate, if the harmful layer is removed, secondary construction is required, the workload is large, the quality is not liable to guarantee, and time and labor are wasted are avoided.. The elastic cushion disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to use and low in cost.