The invention relates to water-quenched slag silicate series coagulants and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of purification treatment of coking wastewater and high-turbidity wastewater. The coagulants comprise the following materials in a mass ratio, water-quenched slag is more than or equal to 60 meshes, and the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to the water-quenched slag is (0.1-0.5): 1. The water-quenched slag, the sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are used as raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: grinding, sieving, roasting with a cosolvent, leaching in acid, washing filter residue after acid leaching, filtering and drying; leaching in alkali: leaching the washed and dried filter residue in the alkali, and filtering; and polymerizing: polymerizing the acid leach and the alkali leach in different polymerization modes and ageing to generate 3 coagulants. By adopting the method, the water-quenched slag extract is polymerized to generate the coagulants, so that a good removable effect on turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the coking wastewater and the high-turbidity wastewater is achieved, secondary pollution-free utilization of the water-quenched slag is realized, the production cost is reduced, the treatment effect is good, high value-added utilization of industrial solid wastes is realized, and good ecological and environmental benefits are brought.