An ingestible 
pill platform for colon imaging is provided, designed to recognize its entry to the colon and expand in the colon, for improved imaging of the colon walls. On approaching the external 
anal sphincter muscle, the ingestible 
pill may contract or deform, for 
elimination. Colon recognition may be based on a structural image, based on the differences in diameters between the 
small intestine and the colon, and particularly, based on the semilunar fold structure, which is unique to the colon. Additionally or alternatively, colon recognition may be based on a 
functional image, based on the generally inflammatory state of the vermiform appendix. Additionally or alternatively, pH, 
flora, enzymes and (or) chemical analyses may be used to recognize the colon. The imaging of the colon walls may be functional, by nuclear-
radiation imaging of 
radionuclide-labeled antibodies, or by optical-
fluorescence-
spectroscopy imaging of 
fluorescence-labeled antibodies. Additionally or alternatively, it may be structural, for example, by visual, 
ultrasound or MRI means. Due to the proximity to the colon walls, the imaging in accordance with the present invention is advantageous to 
colonoscopy or 
virtual colonoscopy, as it is designed to distinguish malignant from benign tumors and detect tumors even at their incipient stage, and overcome blood-
pool background radioactivity.