The invention relates to a casting method of a thick-wall casting, in particular to a method of casting the thick-wall casting through sand insulation cold iron. The method sequentially comprises mould manufacturing, modeling, core manufacturing, mould assembling, pouring and falling sand cleaning. The method is characterized in that the sand insulation cold iron is placed on a thermal center portion, namely the thick portion of the casting before modeling, a boss of the sand insulation cold iron is used for fixation, and the boss of the sand insulation cold iron is placed close to a casting format of the casting. After the sand insulation cold iron is placed, quicksand is conducted, comprehensive tiny compaction of moulding sand is conducted through a vibration ramming platform, the mould is opened after being placed for two hours, and after mould assembling, iron liquid after nodulizing inoculation is poured into the mould. The method is unique in technique, can guarantee quality of the casting, shortens the production period, improves production efficiency, and saves production cost. The method not only saves the production cost, but also reduces casting surface cleaning work and work intensity.