The invention discloses an automatic grinding machine for a shaft part central hole. The automatic grinding machine comprises a base, a front-and-back transverse moving hydraulic cylinder, a front-and-back transverse moving drag plate, a vertical transverse moving drag plate, a pneumatic mechanical arm, a mechanical arm rotating motor, a rotating driving gear, a rotating driven gear, a vertical transverse moving hydraulic cylinder, a vibration disc, a grinding main shaft, a grinding main shaft transverse moving frame, a grinding main shaft transverse moving hydraulic cylinder, a large belt wheel, a small belt wheel, a belt, a grinding main shaft mounting seat, a grinding motor, a grinding head and a conveying belt; the mechanical arm rotating motor is mounted on the vertical transverse moving drag plate, and the rotating driving gear is mounted on a mechanical arm rotating motor main shaft; the grinding main shaft mounting seat is mounted on the base, and the grinding main shaft is mounted on the grinding main shaft mounting seat; and the grinding main shaft transverse moving hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the grinding main shaft mounting seat. Hydraulic driving control parts in the front-and-back direction and the up-and-down direction, the pneumatic mechanical arm and the grinding main shaft are arranged, so that the working position of the pneumatic mechanical arm is conveniently and rapidly adjusted, and the aim of high efficiency and fine machining of the shaft part central hole is achieved.