The invention discloses a back reflection structure digital X-
ray crystal orientation device and an X-
ray detector thereof. The X-
ray detector comprises a 
scintillation screen, a 
fiber optic taper, a photosensitive element, a digital circuit board, a heat conduction element and a ray 
collimator, wherein a center through hole extending to the back side of the 
scintillation screen from the front side of the 
scintillation screen is formed in the scintillation screen, the 
fiber optic taper is connected to the back side of the scintillation screen, the photosensitive element is connected to the back side of the 
fiber optic taper, the rear end of the photosensitive element is connected to the front surface of the digital circuit board, the heat conduction element is connected to the rear surface of the digital circuit board and conduct heat conduction on the photosensitive element, the rear end of the ray 
collimator is connected to the emission end of an X-ray 
machine, and the front end of the ray 
collimator extends to the front side of the scintillation screen from the center through hole. By the adoption of the back reflection structure digital X-ray 
crystal orientation device and the X-ray 
detector thereof, 
orientation analysis precision and efficiency can be improved remarkably.