The invention discloses a fan hub center constant-current hot-wire wind speed sensing system and method, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation. A constant-current hot-wire probe is fixed on the front end surface of a fairing and is exposed out of the front end surface of the fairing; and the constant-current hot-wire probe is connected with a probe temperature sensor, the probe temperature sensor is connected with a temperature signal collector, the constant-current hot-wire probe and the temperature signal collector are respectively connected with current shunts, the current shunts are respectively connected with a constant-current power supply and a signal conversion controller, and the signal conversion controller is connected to an SCADA system. According to the fan hub center constant-current hot-wire wind speed sensing system and method, the design is reasonable, the total cost is low, and the installation method is simple; the advantages of small geometric dimension, small thermal inertia, high response frequency, continuous measurement, high spatial resolution, small interference on a measurement flow field and the like of a hot-wire anemograph are fully exerted, the wind speed can be accurately measured, and the interference of wind wheel rotation on wind speed measurement is effectively avoided; and meanwhile, measured data can be used for correcting and checking the traditional anemograph.