63results about How to "Stable power source" patented technology

A semiconductor device includes a plurality of core chips and an interface chip that controls the core chips. Each of the core chips and the interface chip includes plural through silicon vias that penetrate a semiconductor substrate and plural pads respectively connected to the through silicon vias. The through silicon vias include a through silicon via of a power source system to which a power source potential or a ground potential is supplied, and a through silicon via of a signal system to which various signals are supplied. Among the pads, at least an size of a pad connected to the through silicon via of the power source system is larger than a size of a pad connected to the through silicon via of the signal system. Therefore, a larger parasitic capacitance can be secured.

The invention relates to a pneumatic seed shooting mechanism and an automatic control method thereof. The pneumatic seed shooting mechanism comprises a stepping motor (3), a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (8), a two-station two-way solenoid valve (9), an air storage tank (11), a gas pressure sensor (12), a traction electromagnet (13), a photoelectric sensor (15) and a feeding level sensor; and the PLC controller is started to realize automatic control on the feeding level sensor, the stepping motor, the photoelectric sensor, the traction electromagnet, the gas pressure sensor and the two-station two-way solenoid valve. The PLC controller can cooperatively control the stepping motor, the traction electromagnet and the two-station two-way solenoid valve to operate according to a signal emitted by an infrared sensor, thus pneumatic seed shooting automatic control is realized.

The invention discloses a humiture detection and control system for an emergency power supply, including a controller module, a humiture measurement module, a battery data collection module, an emergency power supply module, a storage module, a display alarm module and a humiture control module. The humiture detection and control system for the emergency power supply of the invention can monitor the environmental status of the emergency power supply and the relevant parameters of the storage battery in real time, effectively control the charging and discharging process of the storage battery, set the discharging parameters of the storage battery reasonably, and automatically control the environmental humiture data. A charging and discharging protective module can prolong the service life of the storage battery to the greatest extent. The whole system management and control is accurate, sensitive and effective, the control is smart, flexible and energy-saving, the usage value is high and the application prospect is wide.

The invention relates to the field of mine machinery and especially relates to a screening filtration-type fragmentation and grinding machine for ore processing. The screening filtration-type fragmentation and grinding machine comprises a cabin (1), a feeding inlet (2), a discharge outlet (3), a motor (4), a reducer (5), a main shaft (6), a fragmentation and grinding plate (7), a screening plate (8) and a material guide plate (9). The screening filtration-type fragmentation and grinding machine is characterized in that the top of the cabin (1) is provided with a power mechanism, the upper part of one side of the cabin (1) is provided with the feeding inlet (2), the lower part of the other side of the cabin (1) is provided with the discharge outlet (3), one end of the main shaft (6) is fixedly connected to a main shaft of the power mechanism, the other end of the main shaft (6) goes through a thin-wall housing of the bottom of the cabin (1) and is arranged in the thin-wall housing, the fragmentation and grinding plate (7) is arranged in the cabin (1), one side of the fragmentation and grinding plate (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft (6), and the screening plate (8) is arranged in the cabin (1) and is located at the lower part of the fragmentation and grinding plate (7).

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine crushing apparatuses and especially relates to a pipe-type traditional Chinese medicine crushing device. The device comprises a frame (1), a machinery room (2), an upper cover (3), a discharging pipe (4), a reducer (5), a motor (6), a main shaft (7), fan blades (8), blades (9) and a filter screen (10). The device is characterized in that the machinery room (2) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), one end of the machinery room (2) is provided with the discharging pipe (4), the other end of the machinery room (2) is provided with a power mechanism, the upper cover (3) is arranged at the upper side of the machinery room (2), one end of the main shaft (7) is in a fit connection relationship with the power mechanism, the other end of the main shaft (7) is arranged in the machinery room (2), the main shaft (7) is orderly provided with the fan blades (8) and the blades (9) from left to right, and the filter screen (10) is arranged in the machinery room (2) and is located at one side of the joint of the upper cover (3) and the machinery room (2).

The invention discloses farmland ditch hydraulic control water spraying equipment for hydraulic engineering. The farmland ditch hydraulic control water spraying equipment for hydraulic engineering structurally comprises a rotary shaft cooling device, a ditch connection pipe, a ditch, a hydraulic turbine, a water outlet pipeline and an automatic water spraying control device. Based on the prior art, for the farmland ditch hydraulic control water spraying equipment for hydraulic engineering, by adopting utilization of a water flow force, a power generator is driven under the effect of the hydraulic turbine, so that the pressure is applied to a water pumping pipeline which exists in a water flow check valve through mechanical transmission; a stable power source is provided to a braking devicethrough a power generation device, and under power transfer of a sliding mechanism a lifting structure and a transmission mechanism, by utilizing the check valve and the pressure principle, the powercan flow to a water spraying structure through a regulation mechanism; and a water spraying head can realize rotation due to different hydraulic pressure impulsive forces, and spraying can be realized omni-directionally. By adopting the farmland ditch hydraulic control water spraying equipment for hydraulic engineering, automation of work and utilization of a water flow force are improved, the effects of water pumping and spraying can be realized by controlling the motor only, and the water spraying efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a vacuum pump providing vacuum assisting power for an automobile braking master pump and aims to provide a horizontally-opposite diaphragm type electric vacuum pump which is small in size, large in exhaust amount and convenient to machine. The horizontally-opposite diaphragm type electric vacuum pump comprises a fixed support, a motor and a pump body. Two eccentric cranks which are horizontally arranged in the left and right direction are installed on a motor shaft in the pump body and connected with connecting rods. The other ends of the connecting rods are connected with diaphragm assemblies which are wrapped in diaphragms. The edges of the diaphragms are fixed to the pump body. End covers are installed at the two ends of the pump body. A sealed work cavity is formed between each diaphragm and the corresponding end cover. Two sets of installing holes are machined in the inner side of each end cover, and each upper installing hole and each lower installing hole are provided with an air inflow valve and an air outflow valve respectively. Each air inflow valve and the corresponding air outflow valve are communicated with an air inflow channel and an air outflow channel respectively. Each air inflow channel is connected with an air outflow pipeline. The air outflow channels are communicated with the interior of the pump body. An exhaust port is formed in the upper portion of the pump body.

The invention relates to an intermittent-type downhole tool tractor, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas downhole tools. A turbine shaft is mounted in an inner pipe; an output shaft is mounted on the position, below the turbine shaft, in the inner pipe through an output shaft bearing; a bevel pinion is mounted at the other end tip of the output shaft; a transmission mechanism is arranged on the position, below the bevel pinion, in the inner pipe, and the bevel pinion and the transmission mechanism are connected in an engaged mode; an oil cylinder is mounted on the position, belowthe transmission mechanism, in the inner pipe, and a piston rod is mounted in the oil cylinder through a spring; and one end of the piston rod extends to the outer end of the oil cylinder, and the end, extending to the outer end of the oil cylinder, of the piston rod is connected with the transmission mechanism in an intermittent mode. The intermittent-type downhole tractor has the characteristics of simple structure, single power source, high obstacle-crossing capability and large traction force; the problems that an existing tractor is small in traction force and weak in obstacle-crossing capability, consequently during releasing of horizontal well and large-displacement well logging instruments and the like, frictional resistance is large, and releasing is difficult can be effectivelysolved; and the intermittent-type downhole tool tractor is particularly suitable for working under harsh downhole conditions.

The invention provides a power supply system of a low-power consumption online monitoring device combing a highly-efficient supercapacitor. The power supply system comprises an electric energy providing unit, an electric energy conversion device and an electric energy storing device, which are successively electrically connected with each other. The electric energy providing unit is tightly attached to the outer wall of an electric power device. The electric energy storing device is electrically connected with the low-power consumption online monitoring device. The electric power providing unit comprises a metal plate and polycrystalline piezoelectric material plates respectively fixed on two faces of the metal plate. One of the polycrystalline piezoelectric material plates is closely attached to the outer wall of the electric power device. The electric energy storing device is a flat plate-shaped supercapacitor. According to the invention, the power supply system is advantageous in that the power supply system is simple in structure, free from electromagnetic interference, pollution-free and easy to process and microminiaturization of the power supply system is easy to achieve; a stable, reliable and effective power supply source is provided for the low-power consumption online monitoring device; and reliable operation of the low-power consumption online monitoring device on the electric power device is ensured.

The invention provides an inner engaging gear pump used for a stopper of a petroleum machinery oil tube with an over-small hole in an oilfield. The other end of a shell body is matched with a right support and then fixedly connected with a right end cap, a full-moon-shaped supporting block is arranged in the shell body, and an inner gear ring is arranged in the full-moon-shaped supporting block; a left floating side plate is arranged on the left side of the inner gear ring, a right floating side plate is arranged on the right side of the inner gear ring, and a right support is arranged between the right floating side plate and the right end cap; a lip-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the right support and the right end cap, a gear shaft is eccentrically arranged in the inner gear ring and engaged with the inner gear ring, and a first sliding bearing is arranged among the shell body, the right support and the gear shaft; a second sliding bearing is arranged among the left floating side plate, the right floating side plate and the gear shaft, a crescent-shaped plate is arranged between the gear shaft and the inner gear ring, and a crescent-shaped plate fixing pin is arranged between the left floating side plate and the right floating side plate; and a crescent-shaped plate stopping pin is arranged between the left support and the right support, and a full-moon-shaped supporting block fixing pin is fixed on the left support and has a fixing impact on the full-moon-shaped supporting block.

The invention relates to an energy supply device employing an earth magnetic field and an earth-moon system. The energy supply device comprises a coil (1), a stable device (2), a controller (3), a spacecraft (4) and an energy storage device (5). Magnetic induction line cutting motion is done in dependence on the rotation coil (1) of the moon so as to generate an inductance current, electric energyis transmitted to the energy storage device (5) for storage, the stable device (2) is used for providing support for the coil (1), and the controller (3) is used for receiving an instruction of an operator on the earth to control the whole device. The energy storage device (5) can be carried by the spacecraft (4) and flown to the moon when enough energy is absorbed, and the energy is provided forthe needed equipment. By matching of building of the moon space station, a series of unmanned working equipment on the moon can have stable power source, earth control can be received, the energy supply device is high in maneuverability and is clean without pollution, and no influence on the environment of the earth is generated.

The invention belongs to a liquefied air energy-storage and power-generation system, more particularly to a liquefied air secondary energy-collection and energy-storage power-generation device which takes a plurality of energy sources as motive power and air liquefying storage as a basis, and can carry out secondary energy collection. The liquefied air secondary energy-collection and energy-storage power-generation device comprises an air compressing and liquefying device connected with power input and a steamer power-generation device matched with power output; the output of the air compressing and liquefying device is connected with a liquefied air storage device, the liquefied air storage device outputs a stable air source with the auxiliary function of a secondary energy-collection liquefying device, and the air source provides the motive power for the steamer power-generation device. The invention solves the defect that the working state of the liquefied air is not stable in the working process of the steamer power-generation device under the push of vaporization in the prior art, and has the advantages of stable working state, high system additional value, wide application range, no secondary pollution in the whole working process, and the like.

The invention provides a positioning tool and repairing device for shaft neck repairing of a large shaft part. The positioning tool comprises a power mechanism and a slewing mechanism clamped on the large shaft part, the slewing mechanism comprises two clamping parts which are axially arranged in a spaced mode, the two clamping parts are each provided with a central hole, the two central holes are coaxially formed and used for allowing the large shaft part to be arranged in a penetrating mode, each clamping part is provided with a positioning assembly which is directionally connected with the large shaft part and connected with the power mechanism through a transmission assembly, and the two clamping parts synchronously rotate around the large shaft part under driving of the power mechanism. Accordingly, shaft neck repairing of the large shaft part is achieved by adopting the machining modes of slewing mechanism rotating and large shaft part fixing, and the positioning tool is simple, portable and convenient to adjust.

The invention provides a drilling device used for pipe jacking construction and belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering. The technical scheme includes that the drilling device comprises a base plate, an intermittent motion mechanism is arranged on the base plate, and a drilling mechanism is arranged on the intermittent motion mechanism. The drilling device has the advantages that manual soil ploughing can be replaced, working efficiency is high, and injury to the body, caused by manually lying on front to plough can be avoided.

The invention discloses a lithium battery-powered jack serving as an automobile accessory. The jack comprises a mechanical shear type jack body, a cigar lighter plug component and a lithium battery pack, wherein a lifting control box is connected to the mechanical shear type jack body, the cigar lighter plug component, the lithium battery pack and a charger base are sequentially connected to the lifting control box, the lithium battery pack and the charger base are connected and fixed together, a button is installed on the lifting control box which is connected with a motor box through a wire, the wire is fixed on the motor box and welded to a PCB, the PCB is sequentially connected with an upper travel switch and a lower travel switch, and a motor is installed inside the motor box. The jack has the advantages that due to the fact that the lithium battery pack serves as the charging source, the size is small, multiple functions can be realized, and carrying is convenient; due to the fact that the lithium battery serves as the power source, environmental protection property and recyclability are good; the cigar lighter plug component is used when the lithium battery pack is out of power and can not be charged, so that operation of an impact wrench is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a gas power device for a part cleaning machine. The gas power device comprises an upper air guide shell and a lower air guide shell which are the same in structure and are oppositely connected; the upper air guide shell and the lower air guide shell form a device shell; a rotating shaft is arranged in the device shell, and the upper end of the rotating shaft extends out ofthe top end of the upper air guide shell and is connected with the part cleaning machine; the gas power device further comprises an upper impeller and a lower impeller, wherein the upper impeller andthe lower impeller are arranged on the rotating shaft and are opposite in installation direction; the upper impeller is arranged in the upper air guide shell, and the lower impeller is arranged in thelower air guide shell; the upper air guide shell communicates with an upper air inlet, and the lower air guide shell communicates with a lower air inlet; a brake device is further arranged on the rotating shaft; and the gas power device also comprises a control unit used for controlling the air flow of the upper air inlet and the lower air inlet, and the control unit is further connected with a brake device. The gas power device is safe, reliable, short in transmission distance, high in efficiency, small in size, and high in integration degree.

The invention relates to the technical field of well lid anti-theft protection, in particular to a sound-light alarm intelligent well lid. The sound-light alarm intelligent well lid comprises connecting pipe openings, two groups of strip-shaped grooves are formed in the inner sides of the connecting pipe openings, supporting plates are fixedly connected to the strip-shaped grooves of the connecting pipe openings, connecting plates are fixedly connected to the tops of the supporting plates, round grooves are formed in the tops of the connecting plates, electric cylinders are fixedly connected to the round grooves of the connecting plates, and sliding plates are fixedly connected to the tops of piston rods of the electric cylinder. According to the sound-light alarm intelligent well lid, dueto the arrangement of a bearing cover, the risk that after a main cover is stolen, the connecting pipe openings does not have protection measures is avoided, the bearing cover can provide stable support for an auxiliary cover and the main cover, so that the bearing capacity of the main cover can be improved, due to the arrangement of the electric air cylinders, so that the bearing cover can be lifted conveniently, and due to the arrangement of a buffer spring, so that the vibration generated in the lifting process of the bearing cover can be absorbed.

The invention aims to overcome the defects that in a low-temperature environment, lithium battery operation time is short, frequent charging and maintenance are needed and provides an electric forklift low-temperature type lithium battery management system and a control method thereof. The health state and the service life attenuation condition of the battery can be accurately predicted and thus maintenance of lithium battery packs can be carried out timely to ensure stable operation of electric forklifts at low temperatures. According to the technical scheme, the lithium battery maintenance system comprises a control unit, a display unit, a signal acquisition unit, a battery state evaluation unit, a temperature control unit, a charging and discharging multiplying power control unit, a fault open circuit unit and the lithium battery pack of the electric forklift. The control method comprises the following steps the signal acquisition unit transmits all acquired data to the battery state evaluation unit and the control unit; the battery state evaluation unit receives a future temperature change trend predicted according to the data and transmits a prediction result to the control unit; and the control unit receives the acquired data, receives a prediction result and gives an execution command.

The invention relates to a heating system for a storage battery of lifting equipment and a control method. The heating system comprises a first temperature detection part (5), a control part (4) and a heating device for heating a storage battery (3); the first temperature detection part (5) is used for detecting a temperature of the storage battery (3) and sending the temperature to the control part (4); the control part (4) is used for starting the heating device when the control part judges that a detection value of the first temperature detection part (5) is lower than a first pre-set value. The heating system can automatically start the heating device to heat the storage battery to a proper working temperature when the storage battery at a relatively low temperature cannot meet starting requirements of an engine, so that the performance of the storage battery is sufficiently expressed and the service life is prolonged, and the stability of a power source of a whole vehicle is guaranteed; an opportunity of starting the heating device does not need to be judged by an operator so that the burden of the operator can be alleviated.

The invention discloses a volume fluctuation-based biomass continuous flash explosion and in situ alloying method and device. According to the method, water on a biomass surface is converted into subcritical water under the high pressure generated by volume compression and the effect of external heating; the subcritical water permeates into the biomass; when the volume is suddenly released, the pressure drops sharply, and the subcritical water vaporizes and swells so as to generate an acting force to the outside, so that once flash explosion can be finished; multiple flash explosions can be realized through a plurality of volume fluctuation periods. Flash explosion products and plastics continue to complete in situ continuous alloying under the effects of extrusion and stretching of the volume fluctuation and the effect of external heating, so as to acquire a biomass composite. The device is an eccentric runner device which is equipped with a flash explosion part and an alloying part successively arranged along a conveying direction, wherein the volume compression and releasing of an accommodating chamber between an eccentric runner and a stator have a periodic fluctuating change.According to the method, the problem of fiber breaking under a strong shearing effect of a screw rod can be solved, the dispersing performance of the biomass is improved, the device structure is simplified and the process operation is reduced. The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing.

The invention provides a soil plough used for pipe jacking construction and belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering. The technical scheme includes that the soil plough comprises a baseplate, an intermittent motion mechanism is arranged on the base plate, and a drilling mechanism and a reaming mechanism are arranged on the intermittent motion mechanism. The soil plough has the advantages that manual soil ploughing can be replaced, working efficiency is high, and injury to the body, caused by manually lying on front to plough can be avoided.

The invention discloses a combined laparoscope for a digestive system department. The combined laparoscope comprises a support, a power source, a host, a light source, a display screen and a laparoscope body used in cooperation. A supporting mechanism is fixed to the top of the support and comprises a supporting base A and a supporting base B, a rotating shaft is fixed to the surface of the bottomof the supporting base B and embedded into a surface hole of the supporting base A, a gear is fixed to the outer side of the rotating shaft, a positioning rotating mechanism is fixed to the joint ofthe interior of the supporting base A and the gear, a laparoscope bracket assembly is fixed on the outer side surface of the support, by means of the laparoscope support assembly, the laparoscope canbe conveniently stored in idle time and can be conveniently taken and used instantly, aseptic cotton is arranged in the laparoscope support assembly, the laparoscope can be disinfected, and is safer to use, the display screen can be rotated at will, multi-angle observation of medical staff is facilitated, rotation is safer and more stable, and a stabilizing mechanism can stabilize the power source, the host and the light source placed on the support, so that the support is prevented from falling off and being damaged in the moving process.

The invention discloses a device for disposal of rim charges of rubber products. The device comprises a device body, a rotating belt and a rim cutting device; the left end and the right end of the front side of the bottom of the device body are provided with a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod respectively; the left side and the right side in the device body are provided with rotating wheels; the rear side of each rotating wheel is connected with a motor through a motor shaft; the rotating belt is installed on the surface of the device body; the left end and the right end of thefront side of the top of the device body are each provided with a connection rod; a working top plate is connected to the tops of the connection rods; and the rim cutting device is connected to the bottom of the right side of the working top plate through a hydraulic cylinder. Through arrangement of the rotating belt, the rotating wheels and the motors, automatic circulation of the disposal device can be achieved; and compared with a traditional device, the workload of workers is greatly reduced, the work time of the workers is greatly shortened, the functionality and practicability of the disposal device are improved, and the disposal device can be used more practically and is practical and suitable for being widely applied and popularized.

The invention discloses a hydraulic power generation system utilizing ocean thermal energy conversion and relates to the technical field of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC). The hydraulic power generation system utilizing ocean thermal energy conversion is characterized in that an initial pressure slightly higher than a saturation line and temperature are provided for a low-boiling-point working medium at the bottom in a closed heat tube system, thermal power-gravity circulation of the working medium in the closed heat tube system is achieved through a heating system and a cooling system of the system, and ocean temperature difference energy is converted into electric energy through a turbine and a generator set. The construction technology difficulty and construction and operation costs of an OTEC power station are remarkably reduced, the total cost is lower than those of existing other types of power station, and OTEC is really played at a cheap and practical stage.

The invention relates to an LED display screen supply circuit, a first power supply is adopted to supply power to a first LED box body module, and a second power supply is adopted to supply power to a second LED box body module, thereby improving the utilization rate of power supplies. According to the LED display screen supply circuit, on the basis of the arrangement of a voltage sampling circuit and a voltage comparison circuit, after an output holding circuit receives a first switching signal or a second switching signal, even if an output signal of the voltage comparison circuit changes, the first switching signal or the second switching signal is still maintained to be output to a power switching circuit. Thus, no matter a fault occurs in the first power supply or the second power supply, the LED display screen supply circuit can keep a switching result of the power switching circuit unchanged through the output holding circuit, thereby enabling the first LED box body module and the second LED box body module to have a stable power supply source all the time.

The invention relates to the field of building ventilation and lighting equipment, in particular to a window opener based on a glass curtain wall. The window opener comprises a sliding block, a driving device and window opening devices, wherein the sliding block is arranged in a glass curtain wall frame and located between two adjacent suspended sash windows, the driving device is used for pushing the sliding block to move in the length direction of a gap between the two adjacent suspended sash windows, and the window opening devices are arranged on the suspended sash windows and used for being matched with the sliding block. Two telescopic devices capable of stretching out and drawing back towards the directions of the two suspended sash windows at the two sides of the sliding block correspondingly are arranged on the sliding block, the window opening devices comprise sliding chutes formed in one sides, close to the sliding block, of suspended sash window frames of the two suspended sash windows located at the two sides of the sliding block, and hinge pins capable of sliding in the sliding chutes are vertically arranged in the sliding chutes; and one ends of the hinge pins are used for cooperating with the telescopic devices to work, and the other end of each hinge pin is connected with a suspended sash window body of the corresponding suspended sash window through a connecting rod mechanism. According to the window opener based on the glass curtain wall, the aesthetics degree of the glass curtain wall is not affected, and opening and closing of the multiple suspended sash windows can be achieved through a single power source.

The invention relates to an airflow circulation power system and an operation method thereof. The airflow circulation power system comprises a tractor and a power generator, the tractor comprises a shell, a first impeller and a transmission shaft are arranged in the shell, the transmission shaft is connected with a power assembly, and the output end of the power generator is connected with an automatic switcher; and the output end of the automatic switcher is connected with the input end of the tractor, the power generator provides power for the tractor to drive the first impeller to rotate to generate airflow, at least one second impeller is arranged at the rear side of the tractor, the second impeller operates and rotates through the airflow generated by the first impeller, and the second impeller is electrically connected with a wind driven generator. The output end of the wind driven generator is communicated with the input end of the automatic switcher, and multiple storage batteries are connected to the automatic switcher. By means of the structure, the circulation utilization efficiency of electric energy is improved, energy consumption is reduced, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved, the energy recovery efficiency is improved, conversion between direct current and alternating current is facilitated through the automatic switcher, and meanwhile, switching of power supply requirements of different lines is facilitated.

The invention discloses a bar pushing device which comprises a lifting air cylinder, a horizontal pushing air cylinder, a base, a connecting piece and a bar pushing plate. A feeding channel and a discharging channel are arranged on the base, a connecting channel is arranged on the connecting piece, the connecting piece is installed on the base through the lifting air cylinder, the feeding channel and the discharging channel are distributed on the two sides of the connecting piece, the feeding channel, the discharging channel and the connecting channel are parallel to one another and are located in the same vertical plane, the feeding channel and the discharging channel are arranged in the vertical plane in a staggered mode, and the bar pushing plate is installed on the base through the horizontal pushing air cylinder. The discharging channel is located in the extending direction of the bar pushing plate, and the moving direction of the connecting piece on the base is perpendicular to the moving direction of the bar pushing plate on the base. The bar pushing device can receive bars which move disorderly and are output by a circular vibration bar arranging machine, stably and reliably drive each bar to move forwards through the connection function of the bar pushing device, and enables a power source of the bars to be clear, stable and sufficient in the conveying stage.