79 results about "Ideal gas law" patented technology

A method of processing information in a tire pressure monitoring system includes the steps of: establishing a reference temperature; determining a pressure warning threshold at the reference temperature; measuring gauge pressure and gauge temperature within a tire cavity; correcting the gauge pressure to a filtered pressure value at the reference temperature using the Ideal Gas Law; and comparing the filtered pressure value against the pressure warning threshold to determine the necessity for a warning signal. In an advanced form of the invention, the method includes determining a pressure leak rate; predicting the time interval that the filtered pressure value will cross the pressure warning threshold at the leak rate and generating progressive warnings to the driver over the time interval. Fuzzy logic is used to quantify the probability of a warning state for each data point, allow for measurement error; and report the state of maximum probability to minimize the occurrence of false warning. A warning utility function is derived based upon a combination of the filtered pressure and leak rate.

A fluid dispensing system provides a non-contact method of monitoring the change in the fluid volume over time. This approach avoids the use of probes or sensors that come into direct contact with the fluid to be dispensed. The system comprises an apparatus comprising three chambers. The first chamber has a fixed volume and contains a pressurized gas. A solenoid valve is used to control the flow of gas from the first chamber into the second. The second chamber is sealed so that the combined mass of air in the first and second chambers remains fixed. The third chamber is adjacent to the second and contains medication in the form of incompressible fluid that is to be administered to a human or animal subject via a suitable delivery port. A piston is disposed between the second and third chambers and is movable responsive to the flow of gas into the second chamber to dispense fluid from the third chamber as desired. By sensing the pressure in the first and second chambers at any point in time, a processor is programmed to calculate the flow rate or dispensed volume of the fluid being delivered using principles derived from the Ideal Gas Law.

A leak detector apparatus for a pressurized cylinder having a cylinder of a radius (r) with a slidable piston in the cylinder with a gas filled chamber positioned between a cylinder end and the piston face. The length (L) of the chamber is calculated according to load changes on the piston where the volume (V_c) of the chamber changes. The pressure and temperature of the chamber are measured as well as the length. These values are inputted to a processor to solve the ideal gas law equation PV=nRT where a change in n for a change in length indicates a leak.

Disclosed is a device (10) and method for determining a temperature-corrected tire pressure. A preselected baseline temperature (26) is measured or selected. A second temperature (28) is measured using a temperature probe (22). An actual tire pressure (30) is measured (24). A programmed processor calculates and displays (14) a corrected tire pressure (32) corresponding to the baseline temperature (26) according the ideal gas law.

The invention discloses a fiber optic temperature sensor based on a sealed micro cavity gas thermal effect and a manufacturing method of the fiber optic temperature sensor. A sensor structure comprises a Fabry-Perot micro cavity and an air micro cavity, and the two micro cavities are partitioned through a thin silicon membrane. The atmospheric pressure environments of the two micro cavities are respectively controlled in the sensor manufacturing process, so that the two micro cavities have pressure difference. When the temperature changes, according to an ideal gas state equation, the atmospheric pressure inside the two micro cavities is changed, so that a silicon wafer in the middle of the two micro cavities is deformed because of the change of the pressure difference. At the same time the inner surface of the silicon wafer and the reflection surface inside the Fabry-Perot micro cavity form a low-fineness Fabry-Perot interferometer, the deformation of the membrane is just the length change of the Fabry-Perot micro cavity, and temperature measurement is achieved by demodulating the length change of the cavity. Compared with the prior art, the temperature sensitivity of the sensor disclosed by the invention can be flexibly controlled by designing the diameter, the temperature and the pressure difference of the silicon wafer, and expected temperature sensitivity is achieved. In addition, the in-batch production of the senor is beneficial to cost reduction, and commercialization can be realized.

The invention provides a method for detecting leakage of a spacecraft cabin by differential pressure. The method comprises the following processes: aerating, balancing, testing and gas deflating. In the method, a small-volume primary standard substance is put in a large-volume spacecraft cabin; standards and a temperature inside the measured cabin are measured when the differential pressure is measured; actually measured differential pressure is compensated by a temperature lagging for some time according to an ideal gas state equation; and finally integral leakage of the measured spacecraft cabin is acquired. In a gas path of the method, an aerating isolating valve is arranged on both sides of a differential pressure sensor respectively and used for avoiding an overrange phenomenon of the differential pressure sensor in the process of aerating or deflating.

Method for the determination of the volatility of a fuel stored in a fuel tank which is part of a fuel system controlled by a fuel system control unit (FSCU) and comprising pressure, temperature and fuel level sensors, according to which the FSCU uses the ideal gas law and measurements performed by the sensors in order to predict the distillation curve and/or the Driveability Index (DI) of the fuel; use of said method for adjusting the amount of fuel to be injected in a mixing chamber of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

The invention discloses a leak detection method for a floating air bag. The leak detection method for the floating air bag is characterized in that the air bag is controlled to leak quantitatively at different leakage rates, an equation: deltaV=alpha0+alpha1(T/P)+alpha2(T/P)2+ ... + alphan(T/P)n, is built according to an ideal air state equation; the leak detection method for the floating air bag comprises: detecting air bag pressure P and air bag temperature T in any state, and then working out the volume deltaV of leak air according to the equation. According to the leak detection method for the floating air bag, leakage can be judged in a simple and rapid manner, and the leakage rate can be concretely detected.

The invention discloses a gas supply system of a semiconductor processing device and a method for calibrating gas flow, the gas supply system comprises a gas path box for supplying gas to a reaction chamber, an mass flow controller (MFC) and a pipeline for cleaning the gas path box are provided on the gas path box, a calibrating isolation valve is provided on the pipeline for cleaning the gas path box and can insulate and close the pipeline for cleaning the gas path box, gas with a certain flow is supplied into the pipeline for cleaning the gas path box by the MFC, then actual flow of the gasentered into the pipeline for cleaning the gas path box can be calculated according to an ideal gas state equation, comparing with the actual flow of the gas and a setting flow of the MFC, the gas flow of the gas supply system can be calibrated based on the compared result. The costs of the system and the method are low, the calibrating times of the system and the method are short.

The invention discloses a method for testing the content of easily-volatile matters in explosive, and provides a device improved based on a microcalorimeter correspondingly, wherein the device is formed by arranging a presser sensor used for measuring the real-time pressure in a sample cell on the sample cell of the microcalorimeter and arranging a reading device, a searching device and a comparing device on a control system of the microcalorimeter. In testing, the explosive is put into the sample cell firstly, and after vacuumization is carried out, the device provided by the invention is started, parameters including the start temperature, the temperature rise amplitude, the reaction judgment sensitivity, the constant temperature time, the waiting time, the reaction termination conditions and the like of the microcalorimeter are set, the pressure change and the temperature rise rate change in the sample cell are recorded, and then the content of the volatile matters is obtained by an ideal gas state equation. According to the invention, by analyzing the relationship between the gas discharge quantity and the heat flux change, the content of the easily-volatile matters in the explosive can be effectively tested.

Systems and methods of numerically simulating airflow within porous materials are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, engineering product represented by a finite element analysis model containing in part porous material with permeability. In each solution cycle of a time-marching simulation, each of the elements of porous material is evaluated with airflow in conjunction with the traditional mechanical response. Each element's volume change results into different air-pore pressure hence a pressure gradient, which in turn is used for airflow calculated in accordance with a fluid seepage law that depends upon permeability of the porous material. Therefore, a more realistic simulation of structural behavior of porous materials can be achieved. The volume change and pressure of each element of porous material is evaluated using ideal gas law. A general form of Darcy's law includes user control parameters is used for evaluating airflow based on the pressure gradient and permeability.

The utility model discloses a test method and the device for testing the mole number of combustion gas of propellant. A quantitative sample is arranged in a calorimetric bomb; the air in the calorimetric bomb is discharged through charging and discharging inert gas; finally the pressure of the inert gas remained in the calorimetric bomb is lower than 0.2 MPa; the calorimetric bomb is arranged in an oil bath thermostat; the temperature of the oil bath thermostat is higher than 100 DEG C; at the same time, the pressure in the calorimetric bomb is not bigger than the saturated steam pressure of the current temperature. The sample is energized and ignited to combust in the calorimetric bomb; the gas produced by sample combustion is isothermal in the oil bath constant temperature bath; a pressure sensor on the calorimetric bomb is used to detect the pressure change during the whole process from ignition to constant temperature; a temperature transmitter in the constant temperature bath is used for testing temperature. The gas mole number and gas volume under standard state is converted according to ideal gas state equation. The utility model is accurate in water measurement, and solves the problems of testing the specific volume and the mole number of combustion gas of propellant containing chlorine.

Systems and methods of numerically simulating airflow within porous materials are disclosed. Engineering product (e.g., car seat) represented by a finite element analysis model containing in part porous material with permeability. In each solution cycle of a time-marching simulation, each of the elements of porous material is evaluated with airflow in conjunction with the traditional mechanical response. Each element's volume change results into different pore air pressure hence a pressure gradient, which in turn is used for airflow calculated in accordance with a fluid seepage law that depends upon permeability of the porous material. Therefore, a more realistic simulation of structural behavior of porous materials can be achieved. The volume change and pressure of each element of porous material is evaluated using ideal gas law. A general form of Darcy's law includes user control parameters is used for evaluating airflow based on the pressure gradient and permeability.

The invention discloses a method for calculating blown gas displacement of a two-stroke low-speed diesel engine for a boat. The method comprises the following steps: calculating blown gas flow rate, exhausted smoke flow rate and amount of gas discharged to an exhausted smoke collection box in different stages of a ventilation process in real time by adopting a mathematic model; calculating the amount of waste gas freely exhausted in single circulation, gas input and output quantity during a gas blowing process and the amount of exhausted gas during a post-exhausting process by utilizing an ideal gas state equation in combination with a gas distribution phase position; obtaining the blown gas flow rate and the exhausted smoke flow rate according to the quantity and rotating speed of air cylinders of the two-stroke low-speed diesel engine for the boat. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for rapidly and accurately predicting the blown gas flow rate and the exhausted gas flow rate, is high in universality and provides reliable data support for analyzing the working state of the diesel engine and improving the performance of the diesel engine.

The invention discloses a method for computing the air impermeability of a gas storage cavity. The method comprises steps of: S1, setting seepage velocity computational formulas 1 for different seepage distances according to a Darcy law; S2, setting a computational formula 3 of the pressure difference [delta]px inside the cavity according to an ideal gas state equation computational formula 2; S3, supposing that the seepage velocity of a seeped gas is uA(t) when the gas reaches the outer surface of concrete, setting the leaked gas volume computational formula 4 within time dt; S4, setting the pore volume capable of containing air as V pore and obtaining a V pore computational formula 5; S5, setting the time when the gas just seep to a position A as a time start point and setting the volume of the seeped gas at the time t as [delta]V(t), setting a computational formula 6 of a pressure difference inside the cavity; and S6, integrating the computational formula 5 to obtain a differential equation, and solving the differential equation to obtain an expression of the volume of the leaked gas about time. The method may provide gas leakage cases with different lining permeability, and guarantees the air impermeability of the gas storage cavity by controlling the permeability of the lining.

The invention relates to a gasometric porosity measuring method taking temperature effect into consideration and belongs to the field of laboratory core porosity measurement. The method which is based on the equation of state of ideal gas includes the steps of 1, considering temperature changes during measurement, and acquiring unknown gas chamber volume V according to balance pressure P measured; 2, calibrating known gas chamber volume Vk and pressure change coefficient G of a measuring system; 3, determining core frame volume; 4, determining core porosity. The method has the advantages that the influence of temperature effect upon core gasometric porosity is considered, the porosity defect of the Boyle's law is made up theoretically, and a theoretical plate for volume relation of temperature effect factors and core frame is compiled, the measurement requirements of the method are fully implemented, and thus rock physics basis is more perfect and prediction precision is higher.

The invention belongs to the field of safety protection of an unmanned underwater vehicle, and relates to an active protection method of the unmanned underwater vehicle based on sealing property detection of a sealed cabin. The active protection method comprises the following steps of: after the sealing work of the sealed cabin is completed, collecting the data of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in real time; performing compensation and correction so as to obtain the temperature and the pressure of gas; obtaining a variation quantity Delta V of an ideal gas volume by an ideal gas state equation; and if the Delta V is greater than a given threshold V<set>, sending an alarm signal, and energizing a ballast rejection device. The active protection method disclosed by the invention has high reliability, and a condition of false alarm due to dampness of a detection device in a conventional commonly used manner that a humidity sensitive resistor is used as the sensor is avoided; the adaptive compensation of the temperature sensor is performed, so that a loss caused by temperature hysteresis of the temperature sensor is avoided; and due to the arrangement of the load rejection device, a ballast can be rejected actively when the sealing property is abnormal, so that the unmanned underwater vehicle can float rapidly, the response speed is high, equipment in the sealed cabin can be furthest protected, and the safety of the unmanned underwater vehicle is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a gas generator assembly suitable for an automobile air bag. The gas generator assembly comprises an exhaust hood, an upper cover and a lower cover, wherein a closed gas generating cavity is formed by the upper cover and the lower cover; the exhaust hood is provided with a diversion cavity body which is covered on the top of the upper cover, and a diversion region is jointly formed by the diversion cavity and the upper cover; a gas inlet is formed in the upper cover; high-pressure gas enters from the gas generating cavity to the diversion region through the gas inlet; and the diversion region formed by the diversion cavity of the exhaust hood and the upper cover comprises a first diversion region and a decompression diversion region. According to the gas generator assembly disclosed by the invention, according to an ideal-gas equation: pV=nRT, finite element figure modeling is performed, after a large number of simulating test for repeatedly amending, so that the gas generator assembly suitable for the automobile air bag is provided; and the gas generator assembly is provided with a diversion region, so that stage decompressional expansion is performed on the generated high-pressure gas, the situation that damaging impact is generated on the gas generator is avoided, and the air bag injury accidents are avoided.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the daily output of oil field gas. The method is designed to solve the problems of low measurement efficiency, the high labor cost and the like in the prior art. According to the method, the oil field gas of a measured oil well sleeve pipe is emptied, and then pressure build-up is carried out for the time of delta t; the oil field gas in the oil well sleeve pipe is detected after pressure build-up is finished, and a first pressure value p1 and a first temperature value T1 of the gas are obtained; at least part of the oil field gas in the sleeve pipe is discharged, the oil field gas in the sleeve pipe is detected a second time after gas discharging is finished, a second pressure value p2 and a second temperature value T2 of the gas are obtained, and the gas discharging amount delta Vsta of the sleeve pipe between the first time of measurement and the second time of measurement is recorded and worked out; the daily output value Q of the oil field gas is calculated through a calculation formula derived from an ideal gas state equation according to parameters obtained from the above steps. The measurement time of the method is about one tenth that of a common method, the measurement efficiency is largely improved, the use efficiency of a flow metering device is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

The invention provides a leak rate design method for a sealed cabin of a manned spacecraft. The method is used for covering an overall process of an in-orbit flight. The method comprises the steps as follows: step 1, calculating mass leakage rate of the sealed cabin of the manned spacecraft according to a task time requirement of each flight phase in the overall process of the in-orbit flight and weight of leaked compensation gas; step 2, calculating a standard leak rate index of the sealed cabin according to the mass leakage rate, and step 3, executing engineering process check and iteration to the standard leak rate index so as to determine a sealed cabin leak rate index meeting a preset requirement. Therefore, the leak rate design method for the sealed cabin of the invention covers a gas leakage compensation requirement of all task stages of the manned spacecraft, and takes full advantage of a theoretical basis of an ideal gas state equation, and considers design constraints in a plurality of aspects such as flight mission planning, system weight control and product process so as to solve the problem of achieving a top flight task requirement to a specific sealed cabin leak rate index of the manned spacecraft.