The invention relates to a method for separating and purifying high-purity chicken-precursor intramuscular fat cells and establishing an intramuscular-fat-cell-and-muscle-satellite-cell co-culture system. The method includes the steps that chicken breast muscle tissue is cut into meat paste, and the meat paste is digested with I-type collagenase and centrifuged; upper-layer mature intramuscular fat cells are sucked, inoculated into a culture bottle and subjected to dedifferentiation treatment, and the chicken-precursor intramuscular fat cells are finally obtained; lower-layer cells obtained after centrifuging are precipitated and resuspended, the cells are purified in a differential-wall-attachment mode, and high-purity muscle satellite cells are obtained; the precursor intramuscular fat cells and the muscle satellite cells are respectively inoculated into a transwell chamber or a matched culture plate, and the co-culturing system is established. By means of the method, the technical bottleneck that the chicken-precursor intramuscular fat cells cannot be independently separated and purified all the time is broken through, and the method can be applied to quantitatively simulating muscular tissue, accurately researching the interactional relationship and the molecular regulation mechanism of the chicken intramuscular fat cells and muscle cells in vitro, and screening, researching and developing related nutrients or medicine.