39 results about "Tunneling direction" patented technology

The utility model discloses a shield tunnel segment wall back grouting real-time detection device which is arranged at the shield tail of a shield tunneling machine, two construction platforms are symmetrically arranged in the shield tunneling machine, and the shield tunnel segment wall back grouting real-time detection device comprises an annular track which is movably installed between the two construction platforms in the tunneling direction of the shield tunneling machine. The circular track has an arc consistent with the radian of the outer wall of the duct piece; the sound wave detector is arranged on the outer side of the annular track in a reciprocating motion mode along the annular track, and the height of the sound wave detector can be adjusted in the radial direction of the duct piece; according to the grouting plumpness detection device, the grouting plumpness on a propagation path is reflected by utilizing the propagation speed of the sound waves in different media and the frequency change of the waves, the grouting plumpness can be detected in real time along with tunneling of a shield, and the grouting plumpness can be accurately detected. And a certain popularization value is achieved.

The application discloses a tunnel deformation monitoring device, which comprises four adsorption walking devices, a spherical hinge is connected to the upper side of each adsorption walking device, a plurality of supporting springs are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support rod in an annular array, the lower ends of the supporting springs are fixedly connected to the upper side of the adsorption walking device, a guide rail ring is connected to the upper side of the support rod, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide rail ring, a range finder is arranged on the sliding seat, the range finder is a laser range finder, and a touch device is arranged on the sliding seat. When one of the adsorption walking devices loses the adsorption effect, the remaining three adsorption walking devices determine a plane as a reference, and the measurement is sequentially monitored, so that the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption effect of the measurement position is reduced, the measurement position can be randomly selected along the tunnel direction, and the total station and a large number of monitoring markers need not be frequently erected and moved, so that the monitoring is convenient and fast.

The invention discloses a shield construction management and control method and system based on a digital twin platform, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geological data and shield tunneling machine data, and constructing a twin finite element model corresponding to a target shield interval tunnel according to the geological data and the shield tunneling machine data; shield tunneling machine excavation simulation calculation is conducted on the twinborn finite element model, and the twinborn finite element model is divided into a plurality of sub-models according to the daily planned tunneling amount after calculation is completed; the width of the sub-model in the tunneling direction is the daily planned tunneling amount; according to a simulation calculation result of the twinborn finite element model, constructing a boundary condition of each sub-model to form a plurality of twinborn sub-models; and managing and controlling the process of tunneling the target shield interval tunnel by the shield tunneling machine through the plurality of twin sub-models. According to the method, the data of the previous round of construction are accurately fed back to the calculation of the next round in a segmented calculation mode, so that the accuracy of model simulation is effectively improved, and the prediction of the risk of the next round of shield construction is improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a walking type heading machine and a control method, and relates to the technical field of heading equipment. The walking type heading machine comprises a main machine. The main beam is connected with the main machine; the first propelling supporting structure and the second propelling supporting structure each comprise a plurality of propelling supporting assemblies, and the propelling supporting assemblies of the first propelling supporting structure and the second propelling supporting structure are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the main beam. Each propelling and supporting assembly comprises a propelling part and a supporting shoe set, the supporting shoe sets move relative to the main beam so as to be tightly supported on the surrounding rock, and the propelling parts are used for providing tunneling thrust for the main beam when the supporting shoe sets are tightly supported on the surrounding rock; the propelling supporting assemblies of the first propelling supporting structure and the second propelling supporting structure are configured to be alternately supported on surrounding rock in the tunneling moving direction of the main beam and provide tunneling thrust for the main beam, step changing operation is carried out in the tunneling process, the tunneling action does not need to be stopped, it is ensured that the tunneling thrust is continuously output to the main beam, and continuous tunneling operation is achieved.

The application provides a tunneling angle positioning system and device, comprising a tunneling equipment positioning system, a ground equipment positioning system and a mine roof equipment positioning system; the tunneling equipment positioning system is used for adjusting the tunneling direction of the tunneling equipment during tunneling; the ground equipment positioning system is used for positioning adjustment of the mine tunnel ground during tunneling and signal transmission of the tunneling equipment positioning system; and the mine roof equipment positioning system is used for signal transmission of the tunneling equipment positioning device and the ground positioning device when the mine roof is placed. The application has the beneficial effect that through cooperation among the tunneling equipment positioning system, the ground equipment positioning system and the mine roof equipment positioning system, and through positioning cooperation on the ground and the mine tunnel during tunneling, the tunneling process can be performed in multiple directions at any time through the positioning system, and deviation in the tunneling process can be avoided.

This invention discloses a method and system for calculating the lateral displacement of an adjacent tunnel caused by bottom heave during foundation pit excavation. The method first calculates the lateral displacement of the soil at any depth at the retaining structure caused by the unloading of the bottom heave, and then, based on the deformation coordination between the soil and the retaining structure, converts it into an equivalent displacement S of the retaining structure. z (z); then, based on the displacement S of the enclosure structure z (z) and the maximum displacement value S reached in the active state a The ratio η is used to obtain the cohesion utilization value, and from this, the non-limit active earth pressure p is obtained based on the theory of non-limit active earth pressure. a Thus, the horizontal unloading stress p1 is obtained, and finally, the additional horizontal stress σ in the tunnel direction is obtained. y Ultimately, the additional horizontal stress σ in the tunnel is... y The load P(x) is obtained, and the governing equation for the tunnel's lateral displacement ω(x) is derived based on the coordination between soil and tunnel displacement. This equation is then expressed in matrix form to calculate the tunnel's lateral displacement ω(x). This calculation method allows for a more accurate assessment of the impact of foundation pit construction on the tunnel structure in practice, providing guidance for foundation pit design and construction.

The tunnel boring machine has a sealing device (212) having a first inner chamber (369) and a second inner chamber (372) to which lubricant can be applied via a fluid supply device. The pressure in the first inner chamber (369) can be regulated via the fluid supply device such that the pressure is between the pressure in the head chamber (306) located in front of the first inner chamber (369) along the tunneling direction and the pressure in the second inner chamber (372) located behind the first inner chamber (369) along the tunneling direction. Therefore, for environmental protection reasons, lossless lubrication can be achieved, and mixing of the lubricant in the first inner chamber (369) with other substances in the head chamber (306) is avoided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a laser-controlled tunnel back break directional guiding device and a using method.The laser-controlled tunnel back break directional guiding device comprises an electric telescopic rod, the outer surface of the lower end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a fixing ring, the upper end of the electric telescopic rod is rotationally connected with a base, and a positioning plate is arranged below the base; the outer side face of the positioning plate is rotationally connected with connecting rods in an array mode. According to the guiding device, through cooperative work of the high-precision angle encoder integrated by the total station and the horizontally-arranged laser range finder, annular scanning and data collection of the tunnel face can be rapidly completed, an actual form digital model is constructed through coordinate conversion operation of the controller, the efficiency of data collection and deviation judgment is greatly improved, and the working efficiency is improved. In addition, the design contour and the deviation area can be visually presented through laser projection, constructors are helped to accurately control the tunneling direction, overexcavation waste and undercut rework are effectively reduced, the construction cost is reduced, and the tunnel construction quality and progress are improved.

The invention disclosed herein relates to a module (10) for a humidifier (50) of a fuel cell system (100), wherein a dry side (11) has a tunnel structure (14, 15) for guiding a dry gas in a tunnel direction (T1) through the module (10), wherein a moist side (12) has a plate-shaped guide structure (16), wherein the guide structure (16) has a series of adjacent inlet holes (19) for guiding the moist gas into the module (10) and a series of adjacent outlet holes (20) for guiding the moist gas out of the module (10), wherein the guide structure (16) has upper guide ribs (21) arranged adjacent to one another and lower guide ribs (22) arranged adjacent to one another for guiding the moist gas in a guide direction (L1) from the inlet holes (19) to the has outlet holes (20),wherein the upper guide ribs (21) are spaced apart from and positioned above the lower guide ribs (22), and wherein the tunnel structure (14, 15) extends in the tunnel direction (T1) transversely to the guide direction (L1) and is positioned between the superimposed upper guide ribs (21) and lower guide ribs (22). The invention further relates to a plate half (23, 24) and a method for manufacturing the module (10) as well as a humidifier (50) with several modules (10).

A TBM synchronous lining inverted arch trestle and a construction method thereof, relate to the technical field of tunnel construction, and comprise a first trestle, a second trestle, a third trestle, a fourth trestle and a pouring system, the first trestle is provided with a first walking device, and the front end of the first trestle is used for lapping on a segment; the second trestle is provided with a second walking device, and the front end of the second trestle is lapped on the rear end of the first trestle; the third trestle is provided with a third walking device, the front end of the third trestle is lapped on the rear end of the second trestle, and the rear end of the third trestle is lapped on the front end of the fourth trestle; the fourth trestle is provided with a fourth walking device, and the rear end of the fourth trestle is used for supporting on a filling layer; the pouring system is installed on the walking device, the walking device is used for adjusting the position of the pouring system relative to the end face of the filling layer, and the pouring system is used for pouring the to-be-poured area in multiple stages in the tunneling direction. The trestle is flexible to use, has wide application range and high construction efficiency.

The invention relates to a shield body bottom lifting device, a heading machine comprising the shield body bottom lifting device and a heading machine cutterhead lifting method. The tunneling machine comprises a cutterhead, a shield and a main beam which are sequentially connected, the tunneling direction of the tunneling machine serves as the front, the shield body bottom lifting device is arranged behind the shield and located below the main beam, and the shield body bottom lifting device comprises a shield bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the shield body bottom lifting device. The bottom face of the shield bottom plate is flush with the bottom face of the shield, and the shield bottom plate is used for being attached to the ground when the heading machine sinks so as to increase the contact area between the heading machine and the ground and prevent the heading machine from continuing to sink. The shield body bottom lifting device can prevent the tunneling machine from sinking in soft rock geology, and enables the head cutter head of the tunneling machine to rise to restore the tunneling line of the original design.

The invention provides an anchor cable removing method for a newly-built tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.The anchor cable removing method comprises the steps that a pilot tunnel is excavated in the shield tunneling path range, and an anchor cable located in the pilot tunnel is cut off; drilling and coring equipment and a vertical anchor cable cutting machine tool are arranged in the pilot tunnel; calculating a vertical cut-off position, and setting the distance between the vertical cut-off position and the position of the cut-off end of the anchor cable along the tunneling direction; wherein the difference is the difference between the tunnel height and the pilot tunnel height, the inclination angle of the anchor cable and the safety margin of the vertical anchor cable cutting machine tool; a vertical anchor cable cutting machine tool is adopted to cut off the target anchor cable, and drilling coring equipment is adopted to implement directional coring at the position of the anchor cable cutting end; and iteratively executing the steps until all the anchor cables corresponding to the positions of the cut-off ends of the anchor cables are removed. According to the anchor cable removing method for the newly-built tunnel, the safety of constructors and equipment is guaranteed, and the anchor cable removing efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to an automatic tunneling robot and method for underground archaeology. The robot comprises a wall-breaking tunneling head, a wall-breaking tunneling machine and a wall-breaking tunneling machine, the telescopic tunneling mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a threaded lead screw, a first supporting frame and a second supporting frame, the stepping motor is connected with the threaded lead screw in a driving mode, and the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame are installed on the threaded lead screw in a spaced mode; the threaded lead screw is used for adjusting the distance between the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame and controlling the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame to be alternately unfolded and folded. And the guiding and posture control mechanism is used for monitoring the posture of the robot body in real time and adjusting the tunneling direction of the robot. Compared with the prior art, the system integrates intelligent control and a multi-mode sensing technology, and is suitable for accurate and lossless operation in underground archaeological exploration.

The invention discloses a shield tunneling axis direction control system and method based on multi-sensor fusion. The shield tunneling axis direction control system comprises a sensor module, a data processing module, a control module and a man-machine interaction module. The sensor module is used for collecting various state information of the shield tunneling machine in real time, and comprises a laser total station, a wireless communication module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module, wherein the laser total station is used for measuring the absolute position and posture of the shield tunneling machine; the gyroscope is used for measuring the real-time attitude of the shield tunneling machine, and the real-time attitude comprises a pitch angle, a yaw angle and a roll angle; the accelerometer is used for measuring the acceleration of the shield tunneling machine and assisting in judging the motion state of the shield tunneling machine; the displacement sensor is used for measuring the displacement change of the shield tunneling machine and ensuring the accuracy of the tunneling direction; and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of a thrust oil cylinder of the shield tunneling machine and assisting in judging the thrust state of the shield tunneling machine. Through multi-sensor fusion, precise control over the shield tunneling axis direction is achieved, and the tunneling precision is remarkably improved.

The application provides a double cutter disc angle adjustable structure, method and full-face tunneling machine suitable for potash salt mine, and relates to the technical field of full-face mechanized mining equipment for solid potash salt mine and other sedimentary layered deposits. The structure comprises two cutter disc assemblies arranged symmetrically left and right, wherein the output end of a main cutting gear box is rigidly connected with the cutter disc; a driving assembly is arranged on the frame of the full-face tunneling machine and is connected with the main cutting gear box; the two ends of an angle adjusting mechanism are respectively connected with the frame and the side wall of the main cutting gear box, and are used for driving the main cutting gear box to rotate around the vertical central axis thereof relative to the frame, so that the cutter disc is inclined outward relative to the tunneling direction in the horizontal plane; and the structure further comprises a controller which is respectively connected in communication with the driving assembly and the angle adjusting mechanism. The double cutter disc is inclined to form a certain outward inclination angle, the active cutting of the ground stress chain and the stress dimension reduction are realized, the rock breaking specific energy is reduced, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

This application relates to the field of underground engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a modular pipe jacking machine for use in situations without a receiving shaft. It includes a tunneling mechanism, a support mechanism, and a muck removal mechanism. The tunneling mechanism comprises a front cutting unit, a middle cutting unit, and a rear cutting unit arranged sequentially from front to back along the tunneling direction. Each of the front, middle, and rear cutting units includes multiple cutting modules, and adjacent cutting modules are detachably connected. The support mechanism includes a front housing and a rear housing. Multiple cutting modules are detachably installed at one end of the front housing. The end of the front housing facing away from the cutting units is detachably connected to the rear housing. A muck removal port is provided at the bottom of the front housing. The muck removal mechanism includes a screw conveyor assembly that passes through the muck removal port and is used to transport and discharge the muck entering the port. This application achieves the technical effect of modularizing the tunneling mechanism, facilitating disassembly and recovery at the end of construction or during cutterhead maintenance.

The invention discloses a surrounding rock information cross-regional long-distance automatic recording system, which is characterized in that tunnel surrounding rock characteristics are calibrated through a laser calibration device, images with laser calibration information are acquired by using a surrounding rock information acquisition sensor, distortion correction is performed on the surrounding rock images by means of the laser calibration information, and corresponding correction matrixes are obtained; splicing is completed on the middle plane; position information of surrounding rock image splicing is automatically recorded, and automatic correction of tunnel surrounding rock specified mileage images and tunnel direction splicing are achieved by means of relative fixing characteristics of a surrounding rock information acquisition sensor and a tunnel shooting area; automatically starting a surrounding rock integrity classification function, and performing crushing, jointing and integrity judgment on the surrounding rock image through an integrity classification algorithm; after image data of a specific mileage is accumulated, joint feature recognition is automatically performed on a joint image, and information such as the number of joints and the direction of the joints is obtained.

This invention discloses a joint advanced detection method based on borehole transient electromagnetics and DC resistivity. Advanced boreholes are deployed along the tunneling direction at the tunnel face to collect and invert transient electromagnetic data, obtaining the borehole transient electromagnetic inversion results. Based on the inversion results and corresponding estimation methods, Gaussian variation models in three principal axis directions are calculated and extended to arbitrary directions. Subsequently, the Gaussian variation models in arbitrary directions are substituted into the covariance calculation formula to calculate the covariance value between any two grid cells in the desired detection area, and assembled into a covariance constraint matrix. Finally, this matrix is ​​introduced as a regularization term into the inversion objective function of DC resistivity advanced detection, achieving covariance-constrained DC resistivity inversion, thereby significantly improving the inversion stability and inversion imaging accuracy of DC resistivity advanced detection. This method is suitable for advanced detection scenarios such as tunnel faces or underground coal mine tunneling.

The invention discloses a dynamic closed-loop intelligent early warning method and system for a geological structure of a coal mine tunneling roadway, and relates to the technical field of intelligent early warning. Comprising the following steps: taking a three-dimensional geological digital twinborn model which is pre-constructed and stored in a spatial database as a basic data environment; acquiring spatial position information and tunneling direction information of a tunneling working face in real time through positioning equipment to form tunneling path dynamic tracking data; constructing a three-dimensional buffer body area for geological risk scanning; geological disaster hidden danger bodies with space intersection are identified through a space analysis algorithm; calculating a spatial distance; calculating a risk score through a multi-factor weighted comprehensive risk scoring model based on the spatial distance and the key attribute information; generating a graded early warning result according to the risk score; and carrying out visual presentation on the early warning result. And starting a new round of early warning process based on the triggering condition. According to the invention, dynamic closed-loop early warning is realized.

The invention provides a magnetic tunnel junction. The magnetic tunnel junction comprises a reference layer, a barrier layer and a free layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the reference layer and the free layer are formed by staggered magnets, the included angle between the first crystal orientation of the staggered magnets and the tunneling direction is a first acute angle, and the reference layer and the free layer have local non-zero spin polarization in transverse momentum distribution obtained after integration in the inverted space momentum direction of the first crystal orientation. The average spin polarization on the transverse momentum distribution is zero; the barrier layer is made of a non-magnetic insulating material, the included angle between the second crystal orientation of the non-magnetic insulating material and the tunneling direction is a second acute angle, and the non-magnetic insulating material of the second crystal orientation and the staggered magnets of the first crystal orientation achieve lattice matching. According to the magnetic tunnel junction and the magnetic storage unit provided by the invention, the relatively high tunneling magnetoresistance effect of the staggered magnets under the specific crystal orientation can be utilized to ensure that the manufactured magnetic tunnel junction has a relatively large read window, and meanwhile, the characteristic that the magnetic tunnel junction does not express net magnetic moment to the outside can be utilized to avoid interference of an external magnetic field.

A construction method and retaining structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) to obliquely penetrate the side wall of a subway station involves constructing closed diaphragm walls and transverse side walls on the outer and inner surfaces of the station side wall at an angle to the TBM's tunneling direction, respectively, and connecting them to the station side wall to form a closed retaining structure. The retaining structure includes transverse plain walls and transverse side walls perpendicular to the TBM's direction. The method involves manually breaking open an opening in the subway station's side wall; the TBM then breaks through the transverse plain walls of the diaphragm wall, penetrates the opening in the station side wall, and breaks through the transverse side walls, thus completing the oblique penetration of the subway station side wall. This invention avoids the need for the TBM to obliquely penetrate the subway station's side wall and also avoids the use of underground mining methods to break through the station side wall, saving costs and reducing risks.

The invention relates to a longitudinally-arranged planetary hob cutter head device for triangular section excavation. The longitudinally-arranged planetary hob cutter head device comprises a base. The rotating axis of the longitudinal cutter head body is parallel to the expected tunneling direction, and the longitudinal cutter head body is rotatably supported on the base; the hobbing cutter is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the longitudinal cutter head body; the planetary transmission mechanism is configured to drive the base to execute a compound planetary motion, and the compound planetary motion comprises the steps that the base is driven to rotate around a fixed first axis; the base is driven to rotate around the central axis of the base; the longitudinally-arranged cutter head body is adopted as a single hob bearing structure, the base is driven to move through a planetary mechanism, the overall structure is extremely compact, the number of moving parts is small, a transmission chain is short, the highly-integrated design brings excellent structural rigidity and impact resistance, and the cutter head is very suitable for the high-load working condition of a hard rock stratum; the problem that a complex structure is insufficient in reliability in hard rock is solved.

The utility model discloses a receiving section variable cross-section reinforcing protection structure for shield-mining method tunnel butt joint, which comprises a cavern, a shield tunnel, a transition gradual change reinforcing body and a head blocking wall, the cavern is in radial butt joint with the shield tunnel, and the vault of the cavern is about 4m higher than the shield tunnel; the transition gradually-changed reinforcing body is formed by adopting a segmented retreating type wall back deep hole grouting process, the annular spacing of grouting holes is 2-2.5 m, the row spacing is 1 ring segment, slurry adopts cement-water glass double-liquid slurry, the reinforcing length is 10-15 ring segments, and the thickness is reduced ring by ring in the direction from the cavern to the tunnel; a C35 reinforced concrete head blocking wall with the thickness of 50 cm is arranged at the joint of the cavern and the tunnel lining, the C35 reinforced concrete head blocking wall and the end face of the receiving ring duct piece are welded and poured into a whole, and the length of the duct piece extending into the head blocking wall is controlled to be smaller than or equal to 20 cm; a 2cm-wide deformation joint and double water-stop belts (back-attached type and annular middle-buried type steel edge type) are arranged between the head blocking wall and the cavern, and the problems of stress concentration, leakage and tunnel settlement at the variable cross section of the receiving section are effectively solved through the synergistic effect of a transition gradual-change reinforcing body and the head blocking wall.

The invention discloses a combined advanced detection method based on borehole transient electromagnetism and direct-current resistivity, and the method comprises the steps: laying an advanced borehole in a tunnel face in a tunneling direction, carrying out the collection of borehole transient electromagnetic data, and carrying out the inversion, and obtaining a borehole transient electromagnetic inversion result; according to an inversion result and a corresponding estimation method, calculating to obtain Gaussian variation models in three main axis directions, and expanding the Gaussian variation models to any direction; then, the Gaussian variation model in any direction is substituted into a covariance calculation formula, a covariance value between any two grid units in the area needing to be detected is obtained through calculation, and a covariance constraint matrix is assembled; and finally, introducing the matrix as a regularization item into an inversion objective function of direct-current resistivity advanced detection to realize covariance constrained direct-current resistivity inversion, so that the inversion stability and the inversion imaging precision of the direct-current resistivity advanced detection are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for scenes such as tunnel face or coal mine underground tunneling advanced detection and the like.

The utility model relates to a reinforcing structure for a fault fracture zone in front of a tunnel face, which relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and is used for solving the problems of unclear reinforcing target, unclear reinforcing range, large grouting amount and material waste in the traditional full-section reinforcing method. Comprising a pier-shaped reinforcing body, first grouting holes distributed in a matrix mode are formed in a tunnel face in front of a fault fracture zone, the first grouting holes conduct grouting to form the pier-shaped reinforcing body, one end of the pier-shaped reinforcing body in the tunneling direction is an inclined face, and an acute angle is formed between the end of the pier-shaped reinforcing body and the tunneling direction; a plurality of second grouting holes are formed in the pier-shaped reinforcing body, each second grouting hole goes deep into a hard rock stratum zone in the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and the anchor rods are fixedly installed in the second grouting holes through grouting.

This invention discloses an experimental device for the thermo-mechanical coupling effect of shield tunneling in an artificially frozen environment. The device includes a soil box, a model shield machine, a support device, and a laser displacement sensor. The soil box has a model shield machine inlet and an outlet on its front and rear sides, respectively. A cold compensation array is installed inside the soil box, and a temperature sensor array is arranged inside the cold compensation array along the tunneling direction. The support device supports and fixes the model shield machine. A laser displacement sensor is installed at the tail of the model shield machine. This device aims to reveal the influence mechanism of localized ground weakening induced by non-uniform thermal disturbance on the shield machine's attitude, to deeply explore the spatiotemporal evolution of the eccentric load moment and the ground response characteristics under complex thermo-mechanical coupling conditions, and thus analyze the imbalance causes under thermo-mechanical coupling, providing reliable experimental basis and data support for attitude prediction and disaster prevention in shield tunneling in artificially frozen strata.

The invention provides a tunnel fire temperature detection system and method, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The detection system comprises a temperature sensor, an illuminance sensor, a visible light color imager, centralized control equipment, a mobile device and a movement track of the mobile device, the temperature sensors and the illumination sensors are arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel at equal intervals in the tunnel direction. The sensor groups respectively and correspondingly detect different tunnel areas; the visible light color imager is arranged on the mobile device; the moving device is movably arranged on the moving track; the motion track is parallel to the tunnel pavement center line and is arranged on the tunnel side wall; and the centralized control equipment is used for controlling the mobile device to drive the visible light color imager to move and acquiring information acquired by the visible light color imager. According to the invention, fire three-dimensional distribution can be obtained by integrating data acquired by the temperature sensor, the illuminance sensor and the visible light color imager, the tunnel fire temperature detection cost is reduced, and the fire distribution condition monitoring comprehensiveness is improved.

In a cutting wheel (103) for a tunnel boring machine, a tool condition monitoring device is provided to monitor the condition of at least one mining tool (112, 115, 118) during removal of a geological structure present, during tunneling, at the cutting wheel (103) in a tunneling direction. At least one support part (121, 124, 127) is installed separately and at a distance from the or a relevant mining tool (112, 115, 118). In the relevant support part (121, 124, 127), a current conductor element is embedded, which is interrupted in terms of its ability to carry current after a wear limit which is characteristic of the condition of the relevant mining tool (112, 115, 118) has been reached. In this way, the condition of mining tools (112, 115, 118) can be reliably determined during a relatively simple maintenance operation or retrofitting with a support part (121, 124, 127).

The application discloses a kind of laser super-long-range straight positioning device and method for underground operation, the irradiation direction of laser beam emitted by laser transmitter through refracting mirror and correction is parallel with target tunneling direction, laser beam passes through dustproof mirror and directly reflects the entrance of parabolic mirror, the parabolic focal point position of parabolic mirror coincides with the upper surface center position of receiving end mounting base plate, the two-dimensional position sensitive sensor is installed in the subsidence groove opened in the center position of receiving end mounting base plate, the intersection of incident light and parabolic surface is calculated during positioning, reflected light is calculated, the coordinates of reflected light into two-dimensional position sensitive sensor are obtained, the deviation amount of real-time coordinate and reference coordinate of sensor is detected in real time, and the position is adjusted by tunneling machine control system according to deviation signal.The application can realize super-long-range straight positioning, resist underground dust environment interference, ensure that tunneling machine always advances along the central axis of roadway, and has high positioning precision and strong adaptability.