The invention provides a railway track bolt tightening device and a method thereof. The railway track bolt tightening device comprises a frame, wherein a power source, a main control device, a lifting counterpoint device, a walking device, a lighting device and a displacement device are arranged on the frame, the displacement device is connected with a shaft control device, the shaft control device is connected with a tightening shaft, the tightening shaft is connected with a lifting counterpoint device, and the lifting counterpoint device is connected with a torque output mechanism; and the main control device is respectively connected with a power source, the shaft control device, the walking device, the lighting device and the displacement device. The railway track bolt tightening device provided by the utility model has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, can meet the task for demounting various center distance lower bolt nuts such as common tracks, high-speed rail passenger tracks and the like, has strong versatility, can accomplish railway track pavage and maintenance tasks in a way of high efficiency, high precision and high quality, the labor intensity is lowered greatly, can get rid of distance limitation of a wired AC power supply within a certain range, has a wider operation coverage, and has the operation capability in gloomy ray environment such as at night or in a tunnel and the like.