The invention provides an underwater proportional triggering device for a sand taking device, which belongs to the technical field of an auxiliary device of the sand taking device. A bracket portion comprises a bracket II; a power portion comprises a rotatable pulley, a floating ball that can pass through a suspension rod and moves along the suspension rod, a traction rope connecting the floatingball and the outer wall of the pulley, a scroll spring mounting shaft that extends from a first end of the pulley into the pulley without rotation with the pulley, a scroll spring and a right angle reducer; a proportioned portion includes a shaft I, a gear A, a gear C, a shaft II, a pin fixing wheel, a gear D, a gear B, a compression spring and a pin shaft; and a triggering portion includes a mounting bracket, a four-bar mechanism rod II, a four-bar mechanism rod III, a four-bar mechanism rod IV, a first connecting member, a second connecting member, a torsion spring, a pressing rod and a drawstring. The device realizes mechanical automation, reduces the work intensity of the staff, and shortens the measurement time. The control accuracy is only related to the machining accuracy of the parts, which avoids the control accuracy being affected by the temperature drift and zero drift of the electronic components.