The invention discloses a multi-section type fastening structure for machining and connecting annular parts. The multi-section type fastening structure comprises a fastening structure body, a fastening device is arranged in the center of the inner end of the fastening structure body, and a sleeving device sleeves the outer end of the fastening device. The fastening device comprises an adjusting part and a driving part, the driving part is arranged at the bottom of the inner end of the fastening device, and the adjusting part is telescopically connected to the upper end position of the drivingpart. The adjusting part comprises a linkage frame body and an adjusting frame body, the adjusting frame body is arranged at the bottom of the inner end of the adjusting part, and the upper end of theadjusting frame body is telescopically connected with the linkage frame body. The linkage frame body comprises a first clamping frame, a second clamping frame, a first connecting rod, a shaft frame,a spring, a sleeve rod, a fastening shaft, a second connecting rod, a third clamping frame and a fourth clamping frame, and the first clamping frame, the second clamping frame, the third clamping frame and the fourth clamping frame are symmetrically arranged. According to the multi-section type fastening structure for machining and connecting the annular parts, the purpose of fastening the inner end is achieved by arranging the fastening device.