The invention discloses a test device and a test method for testing kinetic shear characteristics between pipe piles and grouting soil bodies. The test device comprises a vibration platform, a pipe pile model test box, a loading mechanism and a monitoring system, wherein the pipe pile model test box comprises a steel bottom plate, stacked steel frames, a limiting mechanism, pipe piles arranged in the steel frames, and a sandy oil body; guide chutes are formed between the steel frames; balls are arranged on the guide chutes; hard soil is spread on the steel bottom plate; the part between the pipe piles and the sandy oil body is filled with cement paste; sealing films are arranged on the inner walls of the steel frames; and the monitoring system comprises a displacement sensor, a strain rosette group arranged on the outer surfaces of the pipe piles, and a pressure box arranged in the sandy oil body. According to the device and the method disclosed by the invention, the box wall boundary influence can be well eliminated, the problem that a scale effect and a test model similarity ratio relationship are difficult to determine is solved, the test results are accurate, reasonable and reliable, and reliable basic data is provided for theoretical analysis and engineering practice.