The invention discloses a deep-convolution-neural-network-based CT pulmonary nodule detection method. The method comprises: (1), CT image pretreatment is carried out, so that the pixel spacing becomes unified and image comparison is unified; (2), a two-dimensional convolution neural network U-net is trained, a pulmonary nodule segmentation image is predicted, and a candidate nodule is recommended based on the pulmonary nodule segmentation image; and (3), a three-dimensional deep residual neural network Resnet3D is trained, a true-false positive probability of the pulmonary nodule is predicted, and a false positive nodule is screened out. According to the detection method disclosed by the invention, the deep learning advantages are utilized fully, so that the pulmonary nodule can be detected in a CT image automatically, efficiently and accurately; and the adaptability to medical big data is high.