The invention discloses a safety operation platform for steel box girder temporary support construction. The platform comprises a plurality of stand columns arranged in two rows, a cross beam is installed at the top end of each row of stand columns, the two cross beams are horizontally arranged and parallel to each other, a web operation platform is laid above the cross beams, a web protection net is arranged on the periphery of the web operation platform, longitudinal beams are installed between the two rows of stand columns, the longitudinal beams are horizontally arranged and parallel to one another, a bottom plate working platform is laid on the longitudinal beams, and a bottom plate protective net is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate working platform. Stable support is formed through the stand columns and the cross beam structures, the module lap joint and connection mode is simple, the modules can be integrally disassembled and turned over to be used next time after lap joint is completed, meanwhile, the double-layer operation platform is arranged, enough operation space is provided for operators, the construction environment is good, part of construction tools can be directly placed on the construction platform, and the construction efficiency of workers is high. Meanwhile, the protective net is arranged, so that the safety of the workers is guaranteed, the safety meets the construction requirements, and the high-place operation risk is reduced.