The invention discloses a modular combined transmission which comprises a shell and a plurality of first speed-changing modules; each first speed-changing module is composed of an input shaft, an output shaft, a three-speed device and a converter; each three-speed device is composed of a gear mechanism, a C clutch, a B clutch and a D clutch; each gear mechanism is composed of an input gear, a plurality of middle shaft gear assemblies, an output gear and a gear retainer assembly which is formed by fixedly connecting a front retainer, a middle retainer and a back retainer and is provided with two cavities; the input gear, the gear retainer assembly and the output gear are coaxially arranged and can rotate relatively between every two of the input gear, the gear retainer assembly and the output gear; the middle part of the middle retainer is provided with a center output shaft as the gear mechanism first output end; a center output shaft pipe coaxially sleeves outside the center output shaft as the gear mechanism second output end; a driving component of the C clutch is fixedly connected with an input shaft, and a driven component of the C clutch is fixedly connected with the gear retainer assembly; a rotation component of the B clutch is fixedly connected with the gear retainer assembly, and a fixing component of the B clutch is fixedly connected with a shell; the D clutch is used for switching output of the gear mechanism; and only one of the B clutch, the C clutch and the D clutch can be locked.