The invention discloses a flame-retarded elastic textile fabric and a processing method thereof. The fabric is formed by weaving warp with weft. The warp comprises, by weight, 35-55 parts of chinlon,20-30 parts of acrylic fibers, 5-10 parts of conductive fibers, 5-10 parts of performance additive, and 1-5 parts of elastomers, wherein the performance additive comprises, by weight, 30-45 parts of sodium alginate, 25-35 parts of poly-diphthalate, 15-25 parts of chitosan and 5-10 parts of casein-soybean glue. According to the textile fabric, a two-layer flame retarding mode is adopted, the flameretarding effect is good, the reaction speed between available chlorine and wool can be controlled, severe damage to the wool is small, softening treatment is conducted to wool fibers subjected to enzymolysis, the softness of the wool fibers is improved, meanwhile, the wool fibers can be washed rapidly through a designed washing device, moisture inside the wool fibers can be squeezed out, and subsequent drying is facilitated.