The invention discloses a rhiaoma iridis tectori planting method for shortening planting period and improving yield. The method comprises the steps of land selection, base fertilizer applying, seed treatment, seeding, filed management, ex-root spraying, harvesting and processing, wherein the seed treatment comprises the steps of soaking seeds with clear water for 5-10 days, changing the water for 3-4 times during a soaking period, and then soaking with a brassinolide aqueous solution for 5-10 hours; the ex-root spraying comprises the steps of starting spraying a JA (Jasmonic Acid) spraying solution in the early blooming period of the rhiaoma iridis tectori, stopping spraying when flowers begin to wither away, and spraying the JA spraying solution once every 10-15 days, with 3-8 times in total, therefore the planting period of the rhiaoma iridis tectori can be shortened, the yield of the rhiaoma iridis tectori can be improved, the problem that rhiaoma iridis tectori obtained by the conventional planting method can be harvested after three years, and the period is too long can be solved, and the problem that the yield of the rhiaoma iridis tectori is behind the requirement due to increasingly increased quantity demanded of the rhiaoma iridis tectori can be further solved. According to the rhiaoma iridis tectori planting method, the planting period of the rhiaoma iridis tectori propagated by the seeds can be reduced to 2 years from 3 years, the yield of the rhiaoma iridis tectori can be improved by about 30%, the plant diseases and insect pests can be alleviated, the application of pesticides can be reduced, and the environmental pollution can be reduced.