The invention discloses a measure for rapidly recovering vegetation in a cold region. In the measure, open-cell heat insulation foam material and open-cell plastic thin film are adopted, wherein the open-cell plastic thin film can be arranged at the bottom of the open-cell heat insulation foam material or between two open-cell heat insulation foam material layers, the plastic thin film is provided with O-shaped, or triangular or polygonal holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the holes of the heat insulation material, and bamboo nails or U-shaped steel nails are used for fixing the open-cell plastic thin film and the heat insulation foam material. By applying the measure disclosed by the invention, moisture capillary action can be effectively blocked, moisture evaporation rate can be greatly reduced, and sufficient effective accumulated temperature and moisture conditions can be provided for vegetation germination and growth in spring and summer, and the smooth growth and recovery of vegetation is guaranteedy, thus vegetation recovery is realized. Besides, since a vegetation recovery felty layer is formed, the covered permafrost environment can be maintained stable for a long time. By popularizing and implementing the measure disclosed by the invention, important ecological effect and social and economic benefits can be created for harmony and unity of engineering construction and ecological environment construction, protection of biological diversity in river source regions, water and soil conservation and maintenance of ecological balance.