294results about How to "Improve energy dissipation effect" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of breakwater engineering and wave power generation, in particular to a floating breakwater generation device arranged in open sea. The floating breakwater generation device comprises floating members, air turbine generator sets, air chambers, airflow passages, mooring systems and signal transmission devices, and is characterized in that the floating members are respectively connected with concrete anchor blocks at the sea bottom through anchor chains; a plurality of wave dissipating perforations penetrating through a floating body are formed in the head-sea face of each floating member; the air turbine generator sets are respectively arranged in the airflow passages; the floating bodies are driven by waves to vertically move, so that water in the air chambers vibrates and air in the air chambers is pushed to move, and the air turbine generator sets are further driven to generate electricity. The floating breakwater generation device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being stable in structure, low in erection cost, high in generation conversion efficiency, convenient to maintain, and the like, and can be applied to sea areas with deep water, high waves and complex terrain; while wave impacts are weakened and a steady water area environment is provided for surrounding water areas, the waves can be converted into electric energy, and the electric power supply problem of harbor district or island residents is effectively solved.

The invention provides a method for preparing a stone blocking dam by using waste and old rubber, which comprises the following steps of: determining construction conditions of a main body structure of the stone blocking dam, constructing a support wall and an end blocking wall of the stone blocking dam, pre-embedding fixed connectors on the walls, pre-embedding a stand column at the top of the support wall and embedding an anchor rod for fixing an anchor rope at a position of a toe; braiding tyre cages by using waste and old tyres, waste and old triangular belts and waste and old wire ropes, constructing a tyre cage energy-dissipating bank through the combination and connection of the tyre cages of different specifications, filling rock blocks, sandy soil or rubber soil into the hollow chamber of the tyre cages, fixing the tyre cage close to one side of the support wall of the stone blocking dam by using the fixed connector, and bolting other tyre cages by using the waste and old triangular belts; sleeving enough waste and old tyres on the stand column and fixing the support ropes between the adjacent stand columns by the waste and old tyres on the top; laying a layer of waste and old tyre net on the surface of the tyre cage energy-dissipating bank, wherein the support ropes between the stand columns form the upper boundary of the waste and old tyre net, the anchor rods at the position of the toes form the lower boundary of the waste and old tyre net, and the gaps between the waste and old tyre net and the tyre cage energy-dissipating bank can be filled by the waste and old tyres and waste and old rubber fragments; and constructing the dam body consisting of the support wall, the tyre cage energy-dissipating bank and the waste and old tyre net in segments step by step and constructing an end part backstop above the end part blocking wall. The method can greatly improve the rolling stone blockage performance of the stone blocking dam.

The invention discloses a vertical seam type fishway structure with a better energy dissipation effect. The vertical seam type fishway structure comprises side walls of a fishway and separating plate structures, wherein each separating plate structure is arranged on the side wall; the fishway is divided into a plurality of pools by the separating plate structures; each separating plate structure comprises a long separating plate and a short separating plate which are oppositely arranged; a pool vertical seam is reserved between the long separating plate and the short separating plate; the pools are communicated with each other through the pool vertical seams; and a hook-shaped pier is arranged at one end of the long separating plate forming the pool vertical seam. By using the vertical seam type fishway structure, water flow can be fully mixed, the energy dissipation effect is promoted; higher flow speed of the water at the vertical seam are avoided; the resistance endured by migrating fishes is reduced; the fishes can more easily pass by the fishway, so that the quantity of the fishes passing by the fishway can be increased; the influence of hydroelectric engineering on the migration of the fishes is reduced; and the ecological protection for rivers is boosted. The vertical seam type fishway structure is suitable for the popularization and application in the field of the fishway structure.

The invention discloses a porous inflow hedging energy dissipation structure of a hydraulic structure. The hydraulic structure comprises an overflow dam and an absorption basin, wherein a water body flows through the top of the overflow dam; the absorption basin is arranged behind the overflow dam; the bottom of the absorption basin is connected with the overflow surface of the overflow dam; protective edge walls of the absorption basin are connected with edge walls of the overflow surface of the overflow dam; the top of the overflow dam is provided with multiple gate piers for dividing a water body flowing area into multiple holes, so that the water body is discharged into the absorption basin from the multiple holes; and the protective edge walls are symmetrically provided with steering edge wall sections at the downstream of the head part of a hydraulic jump by 50-80 m for narrowing an outlet of the absorption basin, so that the water current discharged from the holes of the overflow dam flows through the narrowed outlet of the absorption basin to realize the rising of the water surface in the absorption basin so as to achieve quick transition of the flowing state of the water current from rapid current to slow current. The structure has such advantages as prominent energy dissipation effect and low construction cost of the hydraulic structure.

The invention discloses a water-breaking energy-dissipation permeable box type single floating body capable of being assembled, which comprises a hexahedral casing with open front and rear ends; two middle flat plates, which are isolated from each other and connected with the left and right wall plates of the casing, are horizontally arranged in the casing; four inclined plates, which are inclined towards the interior of the casing and connected with edges of the upper and lower wall plates of the casing and edges of the middle flat plates, are arranged at the front and the rear parts of the casing in positions between the upper and lower wall plates of the casing and the middle flat plates respectively; included angles Alpha are formed between the inclined plates and the upper and lower wall plates of the casing; aerofoil-like water diversion structures are arranged between the two middle flat plates in positions close to the front and rear edges of the casing respectively; the end sections of the aerofoil-like water diversion structures are triangular; the two ends of each aerofoil-like water diversion structure are respectively connected with the left and right wall plates of the casing; two floating boxes are respectively clung to and connected with the outer sides of the left and right wall plates of the casing; and a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the upper and lower wall plates of the casing, the middle flat plates and the inclined plates. Such assembled water-breaking energy-dissipation permeable box type single floating bodies provided by the utility model can be assembled into a floating breakwater, have favorable water-breaking energy-dissipation effects and good stability and are easy to manufacture and low in cost.

The invention relates to a flood discharging method for anticorrosion and energy dissipation of a rotational flow ring dam and a device thereof. The device comprises a vertical well; the bottom of thevertical well is communicated with a horizontal energy dissipation hole; the energy dissipation hole is communicated with a flow guide hole; the inlet of the vertical well is provided with the ring dam; the inner ring of the ring dam is connected with a smooth contracted curved surface formed in the vertical well; the ring dam is externally provided with a plurality of flow guide piers; the central lines of the flow guide piers and the tangent lines of the flow guide piers form inclined angles Theta which is larger than and equal to 0 degree and is less than 45 degree; a connection part between the vertical well and the energy dissipation hole, which is relative to the energy dissipation hole, is provided with a space; the energy dissipation hole is provided with a water collecting pier and a contracting pier; and a plunge pool is arranged between the water collecting pier and the contracting pier. Because the flow guide piers are tangent with the edge of the ring dam or the flow guide piers are connected with the edge of the ring dam by forming a small angle, the water flow is rotary, and spiral flow moves in the vertical well. The invention has simple structure, convenient construction, less investment, no maintenance, good anticorrosion and energy dissipation effect, no pulverization phenomenon at the outlet of the flood discharging hole, and protects ecology environment.

The invention discloses an ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures. The ecological fish way comprises fish way side walls, a bottom plate, a plurality of hollow spacer block structures and the like, each spacer block structure comprises a straight section partition plate and an arc section partition plate, flow regulating water passing joints are arranged on the straight section partition plates and the arc section partition plates, the spacer block structures are arranged on the inner fish way side walls, the straight section partition plates are obliquely crossed with the inner side walls, an extended section is formed between the arc section partition plates of two opposite spacer block structures, a certain distance is reserved between the adjacent spacer block structures, and the fish way is divided into a plurality of cell compartments which are mutually communicated through the extended sections among the arc section partition plates. First cavities are formed in the fish way side walls, and driving plates are arranged inside the first cavities. Water flow in the ecological fish way naturally wriggles, the shortcoming of high water flow speed at a vertical slot of a traditional vertical slot fish way is effectively avoided, the influence of water conservancy and hydropower projects on fish migration can be reduced, and ecological protection of rivers is facilitated.

The invention discloses a measure for rapidly recovering vegetation in a cold region. In the measure, open-cell heat insulation foam material and open-cell plastic thin film are adopted, wherein the open-cell plastic thin film can be arranged at the bottom of the open-cell heat insulation foam material or between two open-cell heat insulation foam material layers, the plastic thin film is provided with O-shaped, or triangular or polygonal holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the holes of the heat insulation material, and bamboo nails or U-shaped steel nails are used for fixing the open-cell plastic thin film and the heat insulation foam material. By applying the measure disclosed by the invention, moisture capillary action can be effectively blocked, moisture evaporation rate can be greatly reduced, and sufficient effective accumulated temperature and moisture conditions can be provided for vegetation germination and growth in spring and summer, and the smooth growth and recovery of vegetation is guaranteedy, thus vegetation recovery is realized. Besides, since a vegetation recovery felty layer is formed, the covered permafrost environment can be maintained stable for a long time. By popularizing and implementing the measure disclosed by the invention, important ecological effect and social and economic benefits can be created for harmony and unity of engineering construction and ecological environment construction, protection of biological diversity in river source regions, water and soil conservation and maintenance of ecological balance.

An energy dissipation, shock absorption and anti-liquefaction rigid and flexible slide-resistant pile and a construction method belong to the slope supporting technology field. The energy dissipation, shock absorption and anti-liquefaction rigid and flexible slide-resistant pile is composed of a hollow tubular pile, broken stones, anchor cables and air cushions, wherein the hollow tubular pile comprises first-type hollow tubular piles and second-type hollow tubular piles, which are all prefabricated with reinforcement concrete; crossed plates are embedded in an external barrel; water permeating holes are formed in the external barrel in a plum blossom shape; anchor cables penetrate through the hollow tubular piles and the air cushions are covered at the outer side; one first-type hollow tubular pile and many second-type hollow tubular piles are arranged in sequence in the pile holes of a slope body; the tops and the bottoms of the hollow tubular piles are embedded with one another; the hollow tubular pile is filled with the broken stones and a cover plate is arranged on the top; the anchor cables are anchored on the bottom plate and the cover plate through an anchorage device and the air cushions are full of gas. The slide-resistant pile is prefabricated, assembled and formed to be a rigid and flexible body, has high load-bearing capacity, plays a role in well dissipating energy under earthquake condition, has good drainage capacity and prevents soil around the pile from being liquefied; the construction method is simple and quick and the engineering cost is low.

The invention relates to a lock chamber energy dissipating open ditch of a ship lock, which belongs to the technical field of ship lock hydraulic buildings. The lock chamber energy dissipating open ditch of a ship lock comprises open ditches, wherein the open ditches are arranged outside a lock chamber gallery water outlet branch hole in a lock chamber of the ship lock and enclosed by force dissipating sills which are mutually spaced; one side of the water outlet branch hole is provided with at least two open ditches; and the force dissipating sills are provided with a water permeating hole or distributed into a step shape from a low part to a high part from the water outlet branch hole to the outer side. Compared with a single open ditch of the lock chamber of the traditional ship lock, the lock chamber energy dissipating open ditches of a ship lock can increase the energy dissipating volume for flowing out of the lock chamber gallery water outlet branch hole manifold and reduce the water flow turbulence and high local water surface in the lock chamber, thereby improving the energy dissipating efficiency and the safety of the ship to be locked in the lock chamber manifold, reducing the quantity of lock chamber galleries, simplifying the lock chamber structure, and reducing the engineering investment.

The invention discloses an assembly type grass-planted concrete precast block and a construction method of an ecological bank adopting the same. The assembly type grass-planted concrete precast blockis composed of a convex block body and concave block bodies, wherein the convex block body and the concave block bodies are connected into a whole, the convex block body is located in the middle, theplurality of concave block bodies are arranged next to the convex block body, and the convex block body and the concave block bodies are made of ecological concrete with ecological holes; greening soil coverings suitable for the growth of herbaceous plants are laid on the upper surface of the convex block body and the upper surfaces of the concave block bodies respectively, the herbaceous plants take roots on the greening soil coverings and in the convex block body and the concave block bodies; and the concrete precast blocks can be spliced and clamped together. Meanwhile, the invention provides a construction method of the ecological bank adopting the assembly type grass-planted concrete precast block according to the characteristics of the assembly type grass-planted concrete precast block. The assembly type grass-planted concrete precast block has the advantages that the structure is reasonable, the coverage rate of the planted-grass is high and the construction is convenient and rapid; and the assembly type grass-planted concrete precast block can be used for ecological protection of medium and small rivers, and can also be used for ecological protection of channels, lakes, reservoirs and ponds.

The invention discloses a stilling pool with the laterally-effluent revolution and rolling energy dissipation function. The stilling pool is composed of a first partial tank and a second partial tank, wherein the first partial tank is located at the back of an overflow dam arranged in an upstream river channel, and the second partial tank is connected with the first partial tank and located in front of a current inlet of a downstream river channel. The axes of the two partial tanks intersect. The overall stilling pool is of a bent structure in the plane direction. Current flowing through the overflow dame enters the stilling pool, generates hydraulic jump and then flows out of the stilling pool in a lateral revolution and rolling mode, so that energy dissipation of the current is realized. The stilling pool with the laterally-effluent revolution and rolling energy dissipation function overturns the traditional stilling pool plane layout structure, fills the gap in the prior art that a stilling pool suitable for being built at a river channel bent channel is not available, and solves the problems that a traditional stilling pool is large in excavation work amount. unsatisfactory in energy dissipation effect and the like.

The invention relates to a novel slide-resistant pile structure superior in seismic performance and an implement method of novel slide-resistant pile structures superior in seismic performance. The novel slide-resistant pile structure is composed of a reinforced concrete slide-resistant pile body, reinforced concrete retaining walls and an EPS filling layer. The implement method of the novel slide-resistant pile structures comprises the steps that pile pits of reinforced concrete slide-resistant pile bodies are excavated one by one, the retaining wall is arranged timely when one pile pit is excavated until the pile pit is excavated to the designed elevation, pre-cast blocks of the EPS filling layers are upwards installed one by one to the elevation of the pile top from the elevation of each pile pit bottom, and reinforcement cage binding and concrete pouring and maintenance are carried out on the reinforced concrete slide-resistant pile bodies. The novel slide-resistant pile structure superior in seismic performance and the implement method of the novel slide-resistant pile structures superior in seismic performance have the advantages that the pre-cast blocks of the EPS filling layers are low in price, can be produced in a standardization mode and are convenient to assemble on site. The novel slide-resistant pile structure is an organic whole combining rigidness with softness, not only can the requirement for resisting landslide thrust be met, but also the good energy dissipation function under the earthquake working condition can be achieved, and then the seismic performance of the structure is improved.

A submerged cyclone shaft sluice tunnel comprises a sluice tunnel and an aerated cyclone shaft with double volute chambers installed at the closed end of the sluice tunnel and communicated with the sluice tunnel; the sluice tunnel is internally provided with a stop part and a middle part slope; the top of the sluice tunnel is provided with an air exit hole; the aerated cyclone shaft with double volute chambers is positioned at the top of the sluice tunnel, and the central line thereof is vertical to the central line of the sluice tunnel; the stop part is installed on the bottom plate of the sluice tunnel; the distance L2 between the beginning end of the stop part and the central line of the aerated cyclone shaft with double volute chambers is equal to 5H7 to 10H7; the air exit hole is positioned in the middle of the stop part and the middle part slope; the distance L3 between the central line of the air exit hole and the central line of the aerated cyclone shaft with double volute chambers is equal to 7H7 to 15H7; the middle part slope is installed at the top of the sluice tunnel; the distance L4 between the beginning end of the middle part slope and the central line of the aerated cyclone shaft with double volute chambers is equal to 8H7 to 15H7; and the H7 in each formula is the height of the upright wall of the gate-shaped sluice tunnel.

The invention discloses a hydropower station bank slope and stilling pool combined energy dissipation method, which is characterized in that: a trapezoidal bank slope with a gradient of less than 70 DEG is built below a water outlet of a spillway of a hydropower station; the lower end of the bank slope is jointed with a river bed; a water flow passing through the water outlet of the spillway flows down from the bank slope to reduce unit discharge and wash a natural stilling pool on the edge of the river bed; and after the energy of the water flow is dissipated by the bank slope and the natural stilling pool jointly, the water flow passing through the water outlet of the spillway is discharged along the river bed. In the method, the bank slope can be built by leveling and lining a natural bank slope and made into a trapezoid with a narrow upside and a wide downside; while the water flow passing through the water outlet of the spillway is discharged downward along with the trapezoidal bank slope, the unit discharge of the water flow discharged downward is reduced; the water flow discharged downward washing a downstream river bed close to the edge of the bank slope to make a scour pit; and the scour pit serving as a natural stilling pool allows the water flow discharged downward to make a jump so as to dissipate the energy of the water flow. The method can produce desirable energy dissipation effect and can effectively save the space occupation of buildings.

The invention discloses a turbofan shaped graded drop type vertical shaft. The turbofan shaped graded drop type vertical shaft comprises a vertical shaft body and an exhaust pipe which are coaxially arranged, and an annular area is formed between the inner wall of the vertical shaft body and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe; the upper end of the annular area is connected to a water inlet canal, multiple vortex plates are evenly distributed on the annular area at equal intervals from the top to the bottom, and the lower end of the annular area is connected to a storage tunnel access opening; the vortex plate comprises a sector plate, the tail end of the outflow edge of the sector plate is in an arc shape, and the arc bends along water flow toward the front side; the vortex plate at the first layer is connected to the water inlet canal, the tail end of each layer of the vortex plate is connected to the head end of the next layer of the vortex plate on a horizontal projection plane, and a graded vortex type water flow channel is formed in the annular area. In the turbofan shaped graded drop type vertical shaft, by utilizing multiple grades of the vortex plates in the vertical shaft and utilizing an aerification effect of fallen water flow and a turbulent motion diffusion effect of upper water cushions of the vortex plates, the flow speed of let-down water flow is lowered, the vertical shaft energy dissipation effect is improved, and cavitation and cavitation erosion of a local area of the vertical haft can be effectively inhibited at the same time.

The invention discloses an inclined flip bucket for a spillway or a flood discharge hole outlet. The inclined flip bucket consists of a first side wall, a second side wall, and a bottom plate between the two side walls. The bottom plate is provided with a warped surface in a variable cross slope ratio; the first side wall is a straight-side wall; and the second side wall consists of a straight wall segment and a circular arc segment which is tangential to the straight wall segment. The relative positions of the first side wall and the second side wall are that: a starting end part of the first side wall is parallel to the end part of the straight-side wall of the second side wall, and the first side wall and the straight wall segment of the second side wall are arranged in parallel at intervals; and during use, the starting end of the first side wall and the straight wall segment end of the second side wall are inlets of the water flow, and the connecting line of the circular arc segment end part of the second side wall and the tail end part of the first side wall is an edge line of the water flow outlet. The drop point range of the trajectory nappe formed by the inclined flip bucket is positioned in the center of a river channel, and the energy dissipation rate can reach over 80 percent on the premise of matching the energy dissipation of an absorption basin at the downstream.

The invention discloses a step type and spiral reverse rotation bottom sill type combined energy dissipation facility and an energy dissipation method and relates to the technical field of dam flood discharge and energy dissipation. A step type and spiral reverse rotation bottom sill type combined energy dissipation facility body comprises an overflow weir, a step structure, a spiral impeller structure and a plunge pool; the step structure comprises multiple step units and is fixed on a straight line section of the overflow weir, and each step unit comprises a step curved surface, a step vertical surface and pier structures; the spiral impeller structure comprises multiple double-spiral impeller units, and each double-spiral impeller unit comprises impellers, rotating shafts, ball bearings and fixing parts; the spiral impeller structure is fixed on a reverse curve section of the overflow weir through a base. The step structure and the spiral impeller structure are assembled on the overflow weir, the energy dissipation mode of the overflow weir is improved, higher energy dissipation and erosion control efficiency and prominent engineering practical value are realized, and the application prospect is broad.

The invention relates to an in-tunnel self-air supply energy dissipation method and device, to a water conservation method and device. The device comprises a sluice tunnel inlet, wherein the sluice tunnel inlet is connected with the top end of a junction chamber; the bottom of the junction chamber is connected with an effluent tunnel; and water blocking piers are arranged in the junction chamberand the effluent tunnel and can be used for guiding gas-water mixed flow on the top of the effluent tunnel to vent pipes on the back sides of the water blocking piers. According to the invention, vent pipes are arranged in various baffle piers, and self-air-doping is performed by sucking the gas-water mixed flow on the top of the effluent tunnel under the action of the negative pressures of the back sides of the baffle piers, so that negative pressures of back sides of edge piers, combined piers or pressure plates and the like are effectively reduced, an energy dissipation effect is achieved,water current in a tunnel is stable, the baffle piers have simple structure and are easy to manufacture, the work amount is reduced greatly, and the construction cost is lowered greatly.

The invention provides a stereoscopic net structure member for ecological bank protection. The stereoscopic net structure member for ecological bank protection is characterized by an outer component of a box structure, a cross-shaped component is arranged inside the outer component, and the four ends of the cross-shaped component make contact with the corresponding inner walls of the outer component; the outer walls of the four corners of the outer component are sequentially provided with a first protruding part, a second protruding part, a third protruding part and a fourth protruding part which are used for being clamped to adjacent outer components; and through holes perpendicular to the axis of the outer component are formed in the walls of the outer component and wing plates of the cross-shaped component. The stereoscopic net structure member for ecological bank protection effectively reduces the flow velocity of water on a nearshore bank slope and relieves wave energy, thereby preventing nutrient soil on the bank slope from being eroded by the water.

The invention discloses an anti-blockage emitter based on the Venturi principle, which comprises a grid type water inlet, an anti-blockage labyrinth flow passage based on the Venturi principle and a water outlet. The invention improves the labyrinth flow passage structure and applies the Venturi principle into the flow passage design, and each flow passage unit comprises a reduced section, a throat, a diffusing section and a flow guide section from the throat to the diffusing section. By utilizing added triangular baffles, the invention ensures that formed eddy energy dissipation areas include the flow passage corners as well as the areas near the baffles; moreover, the turning, reduction and expansion of the Venturi tube can cause local head loss, thus enhancing the energy-dissipating capability of the flow passage; meanwhile, by utilizing the high speed generated by the flow guide sections to flush the low-speed and easy-to-block turning diffusing sections, the diffusing sections cannot be easily blocked, and thereby the purposes of energy dissipation and blockage resistance are achieved by the emitter.

The invention discloses an assembly type spring energy dissipation cushion protecting structure for preventing landfall and rockfall of the top of a shed chamber. The assembly type spring energy dissipation cushion protecting structure for preventing landfall and rockfall of the top of the shed chamber is characterized in that a light energy dissipation cushion structure is formed by assembling spring energy dissipation blocks, each spring energy dissipation block consists of a spring framework and a rubber shell, each spring framework is mounted in the corresponding rubber shell, the spring energy dissipation blocks are connected by connecting gaskets and screws to form the energy dissipation cushion, the energy dissipation cushion is fixed on the top of the shed chamber, and a waterproof layer is arranged between the cushion and the top of the shed chamber. The assembly type spring energy dissipation cushion protecting structure for preventing landfall and rockfall of the top of the shed chamber is good in energy dissipation effect, impact energy of rockfall can be effectively reduced under the effect of impact load of the rockfall, the impact force of the rockfall is reduced, and impact lasting time of the rockfall is prolonged. The spring energy dissipation blocks can be produced and manufactured industrially, are conveyed to a construction site and are directly mounted, construction is facilitated, and construction cost can be reduced effectively. The assembly type spring energy dissipation cushion protecting structure for preventing landfall and rockfall of the top of the shed chamber is simple to change and operate, and safe running of the shed chamber can be guaranteed in time.

The invention discloses a lateral-inflow and rolling-energy-dissipation bank spillway which comprises a spillway inlet portion, a spillway discharge chute and a spillway energy-dissipating and discharging outlet portion. The spillway inlet portion comprises an approach channel section and a WES (waterway experiment section) practical weir section, the axis of the spillway inlet portion is intersected with the axis of the spillway discharge chute at an angle of not less than 45 degrees, and a lateral chute which is composed of a WES practical weir, a chute bottom and an opposite side wall of a spillway inlet is designed behind the WES practical weir section and enables waterflow to rollingly enter the spillway discharge chute. The mode of bank spillway inlet portion of the lateral-inflow and rolling-energy-dissipation bank spillway is a complete change for the mode of a traditional bank spillway inlet portion, so that a series of problems such as the engineering quantity of the excavation of transverse and longitudinal mountain of the inlet is large and that the spillway inlet portion cannot dissipate the energy of the waterflow in the traditional spillway inlet portion can be solved.

The invention relates to a broken line inlet type hole plug energy dissipater used for a pressure spillway tunnel. The broken line inlet type hole plug energy dissipater comprises a hole plug base and an overflowing hole arranged in the hole plug base, the overflowing hole is formed by connecting two contract truncated cone-shaped holes which are provided with front ends larger than rear ends and are in different tapers, and the outlet of the front contract truncated cone-shaped hole is the inlet of the rear contract truncated cone-shaped hole. Total length L0 of a hole plug meets the following relation: L0=0.6 D0-2.5D0, the diameter D1 of the inlet of the front contract truncated cone-shaped hole meets the following relation: D1=0.6 D0-1.0D0, the ratio D1 / D2 of the diameter D1 of the inlet of the front contract truncated cone-shaped hole to the diameter D2 of the outlet of the front contract truncated cone-shaped hole is 1.05-1.3, the length L1 of the front contract truncated cone-shaped hole meets the following relation: L1 =0.1 L0-0.4L0, and the ratio D2 / D3 of the diameter D2 of the inlet of the rear contract truncated cone-shaped hole to the diameter D3 of the outlet of the rear contract truncated cone-shaped hole is 1.05-1.4, wherein D0 is the diameter of a spillway tunnel in the relations.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a buried micropore ceramic root-irrigation emitter. According to the method, clay and furnace slag are selected. Through the technology of raw material selection, preparation, mould manufacturing, casting, sintering and the like, the prepared buried micropore ceramic root-irrigation emitter has a simple structure and can operate under the condition of low-pressure water supply. When a working head is 0.5m-1m, flow of the irrigation emitter is 4.2-8.5L / h. 1-2 buried micropore ceramic root-irrigation emitters can be configured for each tree. The preparation method is simple. It is convenient to draw materials. Cost is low. The service life of the irrigation emitter buried underground is more than 15 years. The cost of each irrigation emitter is about 0.5 yuan. One-time investment in the irrigation emitter is saved by more than 30% compared with that in a general irrigation emitter. Energy consumption is reduced by more than 20%. Clogging problem can be prevented effectively. The preparation method is of important practical significance in the development of water-saving irrigation technique.

The present invention discloses a water permeability concrete barrier board and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering and marine engineering. According to the water permeability concrete barrier board, the large doping amount fly ash cementing material or composite cementing material is adopted as the substrate, the nanometer bentonite modified potassium magnesium phosphate cement protection reinforcing steel bar or FRP bar is adopted as the reinforcement material, the reinforcing steel bar matching and protection surface parameter is calculated according to the used environment, and the water permeability concrete edge beam, the concrete floor protection plate and the water permeability concrete grid are subjected to cast-in-site and partial or whole precast so as to obtain the water permeability concrete barrier board, wherein the surface roughness is increased, and the water permeability effects of the communication hole between the edge beam and the internal of the grid is provided, such that the levee protection surface structure can be endowed with the water permeability energy dissipation, the maximum forward direction wave pressure intensity can be weakened, and the wave climb performance can be limited; and the 28 day compressive strength of the water permeability concrete of the water permeability concrete barrier board is more than 40 MPa, the levee top wave overtopping of the water permeability concrete barrier board is reduced by 15-25% compared with the ordinary barrier board, and the water permeability concrete barrier board can be used for the protection surface structure of the river bank, the sea bank and the training jetty of the sea bank, wherein the integrated precast barrier board can be reused.

The invention discloses a special-shaped step energy dissipater and belongs to the field of flood discharge and energy dissipation facilities in the water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The special-shaped step energy dissipater comprises steps in different stair shapes, and the steps in different stair shapes are formed by stacking a plurality of trapezoidal steps, triangular steps, dovetail-shaped steps and tongue-shaped steps, wherein the vertical faces of each step are multi-surfaces or curved surfaces. The energy dissipater is applicable to stair energy dissipation of a low-Froude-number and large discharge per unit width spillway or flood discharging tunnel, the energy dissipation rate is effectively increased, and the cavitation and cavitation erosion risk is reduced; and water flow of a traditional rectangular step energy dissipater is two-dimensional flow, water flow of the special-shaped step energy dissipater is three-dimensional flow, the vortex on the special-shaped steps has various dimensions and is a three-dimensional vortex, the water flow turbulence is strong, and therefore the energy dissipation effect is superior to that of a rectangular step spillway or flood discharging tunnel under the same condition. The special-shaped step energy dissipater can serve as a main energy dissipater in flood discharge and energy dissipation of the low-Froude-number and large discharge per unit width spillway or flood discharging tunnel.

The invention provides a hydraulic junction facility. The structure of the hydraulic junction facility comprises a vertical well type spillway, a horn mouth, a transition segment, a vertical well, an axial line of the vertical well, a pressing slope segment, an energy dissipation well, an annealing tunnel, water taking inclined culverts, water inlets, flap valves, rubber water-stop belts, a breather pipe, a water diversion branch hole, irrigation channels, an annealing tunnel outlet gate, a gate pier, a gate hoist, bank slope bed rocks, an earth and rockfill dam, a reservoir area (the upstream) and riverways (the downstream). In the low water level, inclined lying culvert pipes are utilized to carried out water taking, energy dissipation and water conveying are achieved by utilizing the vertical well type spillway, the annealing tunnel outlet gate is closed to raise a waterhead, the irrigation elevation is increased, and the water using requirement in the downstream is met. The inclined lying culvert pipes are connected with the vertical well type spillway, the vertical well type spillway is utilized to replace a culvert pipe arranged on the lower portion of a dam, and the adverse influence on the culvert pipe arranged on the lower portion of the dam is avoided.

The invention discloses an overflow water drainage integral type sluice weir which comprises a weir body, wherein the weir body is enclosed by two side walls and a base plate; an overflow water blocking wall is arranged on the base plate; and a water drainage hole is arranged in the overflow water blocking wall. The overflow water drainage integral type sluice weir disclosed by the invention realizes the functions of waterflood overflow and water drainage by an overflow water blocking wall structure; a water drainage pipe is controlled by a sluice valve and is convenient for operation; a power eliminating pool is arranged in the front of a power eliminating ridge so as to improve the energy eliminating effect; and an integral type waterflow adjusting structure is provided for items of water conservancy, municipal administration and the like. The overflow water drainage integral type sluice weir has higher applicability on a small and medium waterflow structure; meanwhile, a spillway is not viewed during waterflood overflow, the water surface keeps relatively complete and static, the breast wall has a favorable blocking effect on water floating sundries and is convenient for cleaning; and the relative hiding of the power eliminating pool has a favorable inhibiting effect on waterflood overflow noise.

The invention discloses an engineering construction of a hydropower station, and particularly discloses an eddy-current vertical-well energy dissipation structure of a water discharging hole for ditchwater treatment. The invention provides the eddy-current vertical-well energy dissipation structure of the water discharging hole for the ditchwater treatment, which can be used for removing the disadvantage that a water discharging hole which reaches a bottom through one slope is arranged in an alpine gorge region, and further can generate eddy-current energy dissipation, for all different coming flow rates, in a vertical well. The eddy-current vertical-well energy dissipation structure of the water discharging hole for the ditchwater treatment comprises a high water discharging hole, a side shrinking hole, an eddy-current volute chamber, a vertical well, a low water discharging hole and a vent hole, wherein the side shrinking hole is arranged between the high water discharging hole and the eddy-current volute chamber; the top end of the vertical well communicates with the eddy-current volute chamber; the bottom end of the vertical well communicates with the low water discharging hole; the vent hole is arranged at the top part of the eddy-current volute chamber; the side shrinking hole is provided with one oblique shrinking side wall; and the oblique shrinking side wall is arranged obliquely. After entering the side shrinking hole, water currents of different flow rates are shrunk laterally; the coming flow rates of different water heads and different flow rates can be guaranteed to all have eddying initial flow velocities after entering the eddy-current volute chamber; and the water currents can be better subjected to energy dissipation in a subsequent process.