The invention discloses an emulsion polymerization reaction kettle. The reaction kettle comprises a vertical cylinder, an upper sealing head of the cylinder is provided with a material inlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the gas outlet is connected with the vacuum system, and a lower sealing head of the cylinder is provided with a material outlet; a stirring shaft insertion opening is formed in an upper sealing head of the barrel, one end of the stirring shaft is connected with the power device, the other end of the stirring shaft is connected with the four-blade ring type stirrer, and the stirring shaft is connected with the barrel through a mechanical seal. Blades on the lower portion of the four-blade ring type stirrer are large in size, the liquid discharging capacity of the blades can be improved, the axial flow effect in the reaction kettle can be enhanced, blades on the upper portion of the four-blade ring type stirrer are arranged to be in a sawtooth shape, the shearing capacity of the blades to fluid can be improved, in addition, the height of the blades of the four-blade ring type stirrer is larger than that of the reaction kettle, and therefore the stirring efficiency is improved. And various load working conditions can be adapted. The method is used for producing polybutadiene latex, the axial temperature difference is small, the particle size is reduced to 180-500 nm, the consumption of an emulsifier in an oil phase is increased, and the consumption of a refrigerant is reduced.