The invention discloses a permanent magnet hall thruster ignition device comprises an outer ceramic ring, an inner ceramic ring, an anode assembly, magnetic steel, a magnetic conductive base, a magnetic steel sleeve, excitation coils and a magnetic conductive ferrule; the magnetic conductive ferrule is installed on the outer wall of the magnetic steel in a sleeved manner; the magnetic conductive ferrule and the magnetic steel are installed in an annular positioning ring on the magnetic conductive base; and the excitation coils are installed between the inner wall of a magnetic steel sleeve andthe outer wall of the magnetic conductive ferrule through positioning of the annular positioning ring. In the ignition process, the excitation coils, a power supply of which is supplied by a cathodeheating power supply, generate a magnetic field with a direction opposite to a direction of an inherent magnetic field of the magnetic steel, and the intensity of the magnetic field at an outlet of adischarge channel is weakened, so that primary electrons emitted by a cathode can successfully enter the discharge channel, and arcing ignition of the thruster is facilitated; and after ignition of the thruster is finished, power supply of the excitation coils is cut off. By adopting the permanent magnet hall thruster ignition device, the ignition difficulty of a permanent magnet hall thruster canbe remarkably lowered, and extra burden caused to components such as a power supply processing unit, a propellant storage unit and a control unit cannot be generated at the same time.