The invention provides an agricultural product cold chain storage transport fine control modeling and optimizing method. The modeling method is characterized in that data information such as temperature factor, humidity factor, and gas concentration factor of a cold storage chamber can be acquired in a preset time; according to the acquired data information such as the temperature factor, the humidity factor, and the gas concentration factor, the response curves of the temperature, the humidity, and the gas concentration can be acquired, the per unit curves converted according to the corresponding curves can be acquired; the cold chain control models corresponding to the factors can be acquired according to the response curves and the per unit response curves; the cold chain fine control coupling models can be acquired according to the cold chain control models corresponding to the factors; the data information such as the temperature factor, the humidity factor, and the gas concentration factor of the cold storage chamber can be acquired in a real-time manner; according to the data information such as the temperature factor, the humidity factor, and the gas concentration factor of the cold storage chamber, which can be acquired in a real-timed manner, the output control signals of the factors can be acquired by adopting the cold chain fine control coupling models to change the frequency conversion refrigerator rotating speed, the electric humidification water valve opening degree, and the electric air control valve opening degree.