The invention provides an automatic tightening device for a dovetail slide block type guide rail, which belongs to the technical field of slide block type guide rails. It includes a hexagonal screw head, a connecting belt, a belt tensioner, a driving pulley, the upper end of the tightening drive piston rod of the tightening drive cylinder is connected to the tightening support plate, and the first screwing shaft is rotatably arranged on the first screwing shaft support seat and the tightening support On the board, the second screw shaft is rotatably arranged on the second screw shaft support seat and the tightening support plate, the third screw shaft is rotatably arranged on the third screw shaft support seat and the tighten support plate, and the fourth screw shaft is rotatably arranged on On the fourth screw shaft support seat and the tightening support plate, there are hexagonal screw heads under the first screw shaft, the second screw shaft, the third screw shaft and the fourth screw shaft, and the connecting belt is closed and surrounded by the driving pulley , Belt tensioner, first arc wheel, second arc wheel, third arc wheel and fourth arc wheel. The invention automatically tightens the hexagon socket head screw to realize the fast connection of the connecting plate and the sliding block of the dovetail groove.