51results about How to "Reduce load level" patented technology

Disclosed is a novel polymeric composite including a nanoparticle filler and method for the production thereof. More particularly, the present invention provides a novel halloysite nanoparticle filler which has the generally cylindrical or tubular (e.g. rolled scroll-like shape), in which the mean outer diameter of the filler particle is typically less than about 500 nm. The filler is effectively employed in a polymer composite in which the advantages of the tubular nanoparticle filler are provided (e.g., reinforcement, flame retardant, chemical agent elution, etc.) with improved or equivalent mechanical performance of the composite (e.g., strength and ductility).

The disclosure provides compositions prepared by combining nanomaterials with a halide-containing polymer, thereby forming a combined polymer matrix having dispersed nanomaterials within the matrix. The nanomaterials may be carbon-based nanotubes, in some applications. A halide-containing monomer is combined with nanotubes, and then polymerized in some compositions. In other applications, a halide-containing polymer is solution processed with nanotubes to form useful compositions in the invention. Also disclosed are probes for near field detection of radiation.

Rubber composition intended for the manufacture of tire casings which have improved hysteretic properties and scorch safety, based on at least one elastomer and silica by way of reinforcing filler enclosing a reinforcing additive consisting of the mixture and / or the product of in situ reaction of at least one functionalized polyorganosiloxane compound containing, per molecule, at least one functional siloxy unit capable of bonding chemically and / or physically to the surface hydroxyl sites of the silica particles and at least one functionalized organosilane compound containing, per molecule, at least one functional group capable of bonding chemically and / or physically to the polyorganosiloxane and / or the hydroxyl sites of the silica particles and at least one other functional group capable of bonding chemically and / or physically to the polymer chains.

A fast curable non-isocyanate-based polyurethane- and polyurethane-epoxy network nanocomposite polymeric compositions are derived upon crosslinking a mixture comprising of natural or modified nano-clay [ionic phyllosilicate] with platelet thickness in the scale of A (˜1 nm) and aspect ratio (length / thickness) higher than 10 (nm)] preferably natural or modified montmorillonite with either a monomer(s) or oligomer(s) bearing at least one cyclocarbonate group or a mixture of the latter with an epoxy resin, with a hardener, which is a monomer or oligomer or mixtures therefrom, bearing primary and / or secondary amino groups. The use of the nanoclays reduces the gel time and increases the adhesion of the cured polyurethane and polyurethane / epoxy hybrid and also reduces its water absorption.

A method of assessing the cardiac arrhythmia risk in a subject to provide a measure of cardiac or cardiovascular health in that subject is described herein. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: (a) collecting at least one QT and RR interval data set from the subject; (b) separating fluctuations from slow trends in said at least one QT and RR interval data set; (c) comparing said QT and RR fluctuations to one another and (d) generating from the comparison of step (c) partial measures of risk of cardiac arrhythmia in said subject. A greater difference between QT and RR fluctuations indicates greater risk of cardiac arrhythmia in said subject. The data sets are collected in such a manner that they reflect almost exclusively the conduction in the heart muscle and minimize the effect on the data sets of rapid transients due to autonomic nervous system and hormonal control.

Monolayer packages comprised of an oxygen scavenging composition suitable for direct contact with package contents and recycle with other polyester bottles are disclosed. The oxygen scavenging composition is comprised of a modified copolymer which is comprised of predominantly polyester segments and an oxygen scavenging amount of oxygen scavenging segments. The polyester segments comprise segments derived from typical bottling and packaging polyesters such as PET and PEN. Use of these oxygen scavenging copolymers in bottles provides a clear and rigid monolayer bottle similar in appearance to unmodified polyester bottles. In a series of preferred embodiments, bottles fabricated with the oxygen scavenging copolymers of this invention are over 99 wt % PET and contain less than 50 ppb of extractable components.

The present disclosure provides a method for determining a resource of a communication by a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a base station, information on a minimum number of subframes for monitoring; determining a number of a plurality of subframes to be monitored based on the minimum number of subframes; identifying the plurality of subframes to be monitored for a sidelink transmission; and transmitting, to the base station, information indicating a set of subframes for the sidelink transmission selected based on the plurality of subframes.

An orthopedic joint replacement has first and second joint components that can be placed in load-bearing articulation with one another. The first joint component has first and second convex spherical condylar segments defining first and second radii. The second joint component has a spherical first concave condylar segment with a radius equal to the radius of the first convex spherical condylar segment. The second joint component also has a non-spherical second concave condylar segment. The first convex spherical condylar segment of the first joint component is in congruent contact with the first spherical concave condylar segment of the second joint component. The second spherical convex condylar segment of the first joint component is in line contact with the non-spherical concave condylar segment of the second joint component.

A method of assessing cardiac ischemia in a subject to provide a measure of cardiovascular health in that subject is described. In general, the method comprises the steps of: (a) collecting a first RR-interval data set from the subject during a stage of gradually increasing heart rate; (b) collecting a second RR-interval data set from the subject during a stage of gradually decreasing heart rate (e.g., after an abrupt stop in exercise; during a stage of gradually decreasing exercise load; etc.); (c) separating fluctuations from a slow trend in the first RR-interval data set; (d) separating fluctuations from a slow trend in the second RR-interval data set; (e) comparing the fluctuations of the first RR-interval data set to the fluctuations of the second RR-interval data set to determine a difference between the fluctuation data sets; and (f) generating from the comparison of step (e) a measure of cardiac ischemia during stimulation in the subject, wherein a greater difference between the first and second data sets indicates greater cardiac ischemia and lesser cardiac or cardiovascular health in the subject.

A composition containing a polymeric matrix and a conductive filler component is provided. The conductive filler component comprises conductive particles and a polymer selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted polyanilines, substituted and unsubstituted polyparaphenylenevinylenes, substituted and unsubstituted polythiophenes, substituted and unsubstituted polyazines, substituted and unsubstituted polyparaphenylenes, substituted and unsubstituted polyfuranes, substituted and unsubstituted polypyrroles, substituted and unsubstituted polyselenophene, substituted and unsubstituted poly-p-phenylene sulfides and substituted and unsubstituted polyacetylenes, and mixtures thereof, and copolymers thereof. Compositions of the present invention are useful as corrosion protecting layers for metal substrates, for electrostatic discharge protection, electromagnetic interference shielding, and as adhesives for interconnect technology as alternatives to solder interconnections. In addition, films of polyanilines are useful as corrosion protecting layers with or without the conductive metal particles.

Individual compounds that provide effective toning (or bluing) to combat yellowing within polyester articles (such as bottles, containers, and the like) are provided. Such a novel toner permits effective neutralization of yellowness while also providing highly desirable low haze and increased brightness due to a sharp absorption peak within the needed range of wavelengths (e.g., from about 565 to 590 nm) and a narrow half-height band width. Furthermore, such an individual compound is preferably liquid in nature and may thus be incorporated within an added ultraviolet absorber solution or shelf-stable dispersion to facilitate addition within target polyesters at various stages of production. The particular UV absorbers desired as additives within target polyesters also tend to exhibit certain yellowing effects that require attention as well. The inventive single bluing agent compound thus also accords effective neutralization of such UV absorber yellowing as well. Methods of production and liquid UV absorber / individual bluing agent formulations are also encompassed within this invention.

The present invention relates to a process comprising A) providing a microbial fuel cell comprising i) an anode containing one or more electrically conductive materials which is arranged to provide flow paths for electrons through the electrically conductive material, ii) microbes in electrical contact with the anode iii) a cathode containing one or more electrically conductive materials iv) a catholyte, v) a conduit for electrons in contact with both the anode and the cathode which is a part of a circuit; B) introducing a mixture of one or more electrolytes or one or more electrolytes dissolved in a first fluid with a second fluid containing biodegradable material; C) contacting the mixture of B) with the anode in the presence of microbes; D) contacting the cathode with a catholyte; E) removing from the microbial fuel cell the fluid mixture.

Disclosed are derivatives of isophorone diamine exhibiting a synergistic relationship with other commonly employed chain extenders offering enhanced efficacy with regard to slowing of the polyurea elastomer cure profile, and processes employing their use. According to the invention, extensions of the gel-free and tack-free times are more readily achieved at lower loading levels for these chain extender blends than are afforded through the sole use of the individual molecules.

A gas combustion treatment method for the combustion treatment of an ammonia-containing gas and a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, the method comprising a first combustion treatment step in which the ammonia-containing gas, together with a fuel, is introduced and burned; a nitrogen oxide reduction step downstream of the first combustion treatment step, in which a portion of the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas or the ammonia-containing gas is introduced and the nitrogen oxides produced in the first combustion treatment step are reduced in a reducing atmosphere; and a second combustion treatment step downstream of the nitrogen oxide reduction step, in which the remaining hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, together with air, is introduced and burned. The present invention provides a combustion apparatus suitable for use as a combustion furnace for off-gases resulting from the wet purification of coal gasification gas.

A turbocharger including a turbine wheel having a hub-to-tip ratio of no more than 60% and blades with a high turning angle, a turbine housing forming an inwardly spiraling primary-scroll passageway that significantly converges to produce highly accelerated airflow into the turbine at high circumferential angles, and a two-sided parallel compressor. The compressor and turbine each produce substantially no axial force, allowing the use of minimal axial thrust bearings.

Styrenic polymer foams, especially expanded and / or extruded styrenic polymer foams, are flame retarded by use of one or more flame retardant additives. These additives are i) a diether of tetrabromobisphenol-S, which ether groups do not contain bromine and wherein at least one of the ether groups is an allyl group; ii) a diether of tetrabromobisphenol-S, wherein at least one of the ether groups contains bromine; iii) a substituted benzene having a total of 6 substituents on the ring and wherein at least 3 of the substituents are bromine atoms and at least two of the substituents are C1-4 alkyl groups; iv) tribromoneopentyl alcohol; v) a tris(dibromoalkyl) benzenetricarboxylate in which each dibromoalkyl group contains, independently, 3 to 8 carbon atoms; vi) a brominated polybutadiene which is partially hydrogenated and / or aryl-terminated; vii) at least one brominated allyl ether of a novolac; viii) a brominated poly(1,3-cycloalkadiene); ix) a brominated poly(4-vinylphenol allyl ether); x) a brominated N,TSP-phenylenebismaleimide; xi) a brominated N,N′-(4,4′-methylenediphenyl)bismaleimide; xii) a brominated N,N′-ethylenebis-maleimide; xiii) ethylenebis(dibromonorbornane-dicarboxrmide); xiv) tetrabromobisphenol-A; or xv) a combination of any two or more of i) through xiv).

A wind farm in which electrical power produced in the wind farm is transported via a wind-farm-internal network to a substation. Upon being transferred to an external network, the electrical power is transformed to a voltage which is higher by a selectable step-up ratio than the voltage in the wind-farm-internal network. The electrical load level on a wind energy installation in the wind farm is determined, and the step-up ratio is adjusted as a function of the electrical load level. Accordingly, it is possible to influence the voltage in the wind-farm-internal network such that the wind energy installations are subject to a lower electrical load level.

The present invention is directed to a microbial fuel cell comprising: A) an anode containing one or more conductive materials which is arranged to provide flow paths for electrons through the conductive material and to form flow paths for fluid material through passages formed in the conductive material, B) electrogenic microbes in electrical contact with the anode. C) biodegradable material disposed in a fluid, D) a cathode containing one or more conductive materials adapted such that the cathode can be contacted with an oxygen containing gas, E) an anion exchange membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; and, F) a conduit for electrons which forms a circuit in contact with both the anode and the cathode.

The present disclosure provides a method for determining a resource of a communication by a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: receiving, from a base station, information on a minimum number of subframes for monitoring; determining a number of a plurality of subframes to be monitored based on the minimum number of subframes; identifying the plurality of subframes to be monitored for a sidelink transmission; and transmitting, to the base station, information indicating a set of subframes for the sidelink transmission selected based on the plurality of subframes.

Energy-absorbing textile structure, in particular for use in vehicle construction, which has high-tensile yarns for absorbing force, is formed by a braided fabric (2) with standing ends (3) in the force input direction and in that the textile structure has at least one region (4) with local modification of the fiber structure (2, 3).

A fast curable non-isocyanate-based polyurethane- and polyurethane-epoxy network nanocomposite polymeric compositions are derived upon crosslinking a mixture comprising of natural or modified nano-clay [ionic phyllosilicate] with platelet thickness in the scale of A (˜1 nm) and aspect ratio (length / thickness) higher than 10 (nm)] preferably natural or modified montmorillonite with either a monomer(s) or oligomer(s) bearing at least one cyclocarbonate group or a mixture of the latter with an epoxy resin, with a hardener, which is a monomer or oligomer or mixtures therefrom, bearing primary and / or secondary amino groups. The use of the nanoclays reduces the gel time and increases the adhesion of the cured polyurethane and polyurethane / epoxy hybrid and also reduces its water absorption.

A microbial fuel cell comprising an anode, a cathode, microbes in contact with the anode, a conduit for electrons connecting the anode to the cathode through an external circuit wherein the anode, cathode or both comprise a mixture of one or more conductive materials and one or more ion exchange materials.

This invention is based upon the discovery that elongated silica has superior characteristics for reinforcing rubbery elastomers as compared to conventional silica. More specifically, elongated silica provides a higher level of reinforcement for elastomers at the same level of loading. Accordingly, elongated silica can be employed to attain an equivalent level of reinforcement at a lower level of loading. This results in lower weight compositions and potential cost savings. Rubber compounds that are reinforced with elongated silica offer significant advantages in tires including reduced rolling resistance, increased tread life, and, of course, reduced weight. The subject invention more specifically relates to a tire having a tread wherein said tread is comprised of a silica reinforced rubber composition, wherein the silica reinforced rubber composition is comprised of (1) a rubbery polymer and (2) an elongated silica, wherein the elongated silica has a width that is within the range of about 5 nm to about 40 nm, and wherein the elongated silica has a length of about 40 nm to about 300 nm. The present invention also discloses a process for preparing a silica reinforced rubber composition which comprises (1) adding an elongated silica to a latex of a rubbery polymer, and (2) recovering the silica reinforced rubber composition from the latex.

A method for routing a data flow from a source node to a destination node among a plurality of nodes mutually linked in a ring by segments of a communication network, configured so that the data flow can traverse the ring in either of first and second, mutually-opposing directions of communication. The method includes maintaining at each of the nodes a record of respective levels of use of a network resource on the segments in the ring for both the first and second directions of communication. Responsive to the respective levels of use, one of the directions is selected at the source node, in which to route the data flow to the destination node. A notification is sent from the source node to the other nodes in the ring of an additional allocation of the resource required by the source node in order to convey the data flow to the destination node in the selected direction on the segments in the ring. The record of the levels of use of the resource at each of the nodes is updated, responsive to the notification from the source node.

Thermosetting compositions comprising a) at least a first thermosetting resin, b) at least one silicone polyether, and c) at least one filler or fibrous reinforcement, methods of making such thermosetting compositions, and thermoset products made from the compositions.

A substrate having a flame retardant polymer chemically bonded to at least a portion of the substrate. The use of a substrate possessing at least a partially coated outer surface of a flame retardant polymer enables the manufacturing of polymer composites, containing the coated substrate, that possess very effective flame retardant performance while reducing the loading levels over conventional flame retardant additives.

Human scFvs are disclosed which interact with a conformational epitope along the pre-hairpin, N-helix coiled coil structure within the heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region of gp41 of HIV. These antibodies, as well as IgG conversions, are shown to neutralize diverse HIV isolates. Isolated nucleic acid molecules are also disclosed which encode relevant portions of these antibodies, as well as the purified forms of the expressed antibodies or relevant antibody fragments, such as VH and VL chains. The antibody compositions disclosed within this specification may provide for a therapeutic treatment against HIV infection by reducing viral load levels within an infected individual, thus prolonging the asymptomatic phase of HIV infection. These antibodies will also be useful in assays to identify HIV antiviral compounds as well as allowing for the identification of candidate HIV vaccines, such as HIV peptide vaccines.

A fast curable non-isocyanate-based polyurethane- and polyurethane-epoxy network nanocomposite polymeric compositions are derived upon crosslinking a mixture comprising of natural or modified nano-clay [ionic phyllosilicate] with platelet thickness in the scale of Å (˜1 nm) and aspect ratio (length / thickness) higher than 10 (nm)] preferably natural or modified montmorillonite with either a monomer(s) or oligomer(s) bearing at least one cyclocarbonate group or a mixture of the latter with an epoxy resin, with a hardener, which is a monomer or oligomer or mixtures therefrom, bearing primary and / or secondary amino groups. The use of the nanoclays reduces the gel time and increases the adhesion of the cured polyurethane and polyurethane / epoxy hybrid and also reduces its water absorption.

An adhesive or sealant composition for use in alternating magnetic fields includes fiber based heating agents which have remarkably and unexpectedly high heating efficiencies. The fibers operate efficiently at lower field intensities; at lower frequencies and with smaller diameters (related to skin depths) than prior art technologies. The fibers may be formed from a variety of ferromagnetic materials, including, for example: iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium and alloys thereof. The preferred materials group is: carbon steel, magnetic stainless steel, nickel, ferromagnetic coated electrically conductive materials, ferromagnetic coated electrically nonconductive materials. The fibers are sized, in accordance with skin effect theory, to heat effectively at a frequency substantially higher that the actual frequency to be utilized. The fibers have lower apparent density and / or smaller diameters and / or higher surface areas and / or substantially higher heating efficiency than powder of the same ferromagnetic composition for operation at a given frequency.

A gas combustion treatment method for the combustion treatment of an ammonia-containing gas and a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, the method comprising a first combustion treatment step in which the ammonia-containing gas, together with a fuel, is introduced and burned; a nitrogen oxide reduction step downstream of the first combustion treatment step, in which a portion of the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas or the ammonia-containing gas is introduced and the nitrogen oxides produced in the first combustion treatment step are reduced in a reducing atmosphere; and a second combustion treatment step downstream of the nitrogen oxide reduction step, in which the remaining hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, together with air, is introduced and burned. The present invention provides a combustion apparatus suitable for use as a combustion furnace for off-gases resulting from the wet purification of coal gasification gas.